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A Comprehensive Review on the Integration of Antimicrobial Technologies onto Various Surfaces of the Built Environment

Author

Listed:
  • Ling Xin Yong

    (Department of Material Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore)

  • John Kaiser Calautit

    (Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

Abstract

With the recent surge in interest in microbial prevention, this review paper looks at the different antimicrobial technologies for surfaces in the built environment. Every year, more than 4 million people are at risk of dying due to acquiring a microbial infection. As per the recent COVID-19 pandemic, such infections alone increase the cost and burden to the healthcare system. Therefore, mitigating the risk of microbial infection in the built environment is one of the essential considerations in our preparedness for future pandemic situations. This is especially important for a dense population within urban cities and for indoor environments with higher concentrations of indoor contaminants due to poorer ventilation. The review assesses antimicrobial technologies developed in the last two years and their potential and suitability for implementation on surfaces within a building, and it also suggests key considerations when developing these technologies for a built environment. The keywords in the main search include “antimicrobial”, “coating”, and “surfaces”. The work found various studies describing the potential use of antimicrobial technologies for different material surfaces. Still, a more thorough investigation and upscaling of work are required to assess their suitability for built environment applications. The widely diverse types of built environments in public areas with their varying purpose, design, and surfaces also mean that there is no “one-size-fits-all” solution for every space. In order to improve the adoption and consideration of antimicrobial surfaces, the built environment industry and stakeholders could benefit from more in-depth and long-term evaluation of these antimicrobial technologies, which demonstrate their real-time impact on various built environment spaces.

Suggested Citation

  • Ling Xin Yong & John Kaiser Calautit, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review on the Integration of Antimicrobial Technologies onto Various Surfaces of the Built Environment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-34, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:3394-:d:1066581
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alexander Mahnert & Christine Moissl-Eichinger & Markus Zojer & David Bogumil & Itzhak Mizrahi & Thomas Rattei & José Luis Martinez & Gabriele Berg, 2019. "Man-made microbial resistances in built environments," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Simon Lax & Cesar Cardona & Dan Zhao & Valerie J. Winton & Gabriel Goodney & Peng Gao & Neil Gottel & Erica M. Hartmann & Chris Henry & Paul M. Thomas & Scott T. Kelley & Brent Stephens & Jack A. Gilb, 2019. "Microbial and metabolic succession on common building materials under high humidity conditions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Eva Blomberg & Gunilla Herting & Gunaratna Kuttuva Rajarao & Tuomas Mehtiö & Mikko Uusinoka & Merja Ahonen & Riika Mäkinen & Tiina Mäkitalo & Inger Odnevall, 2022. "Weathering and Antimicrobial Properties of Laminate and Powder Coatings Containing Silver Phosphate Glass Used as High-Touch Surfaces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai & Yoko Iwamiya & Reiko Hoshino & Chika Terada-Ito & Shunsuke Sejima & Kazuhiro Akutsu-Suyama & Mitsuhiro Shibayama & Zenji Hiroi & Reiko Tokuyama-Toda & Ryugo Iwamiya & Kouhei Iji, 2022. "Surface Functionalization of Non-Woven Fabrics Using a Novel Silica-Resin Coating Technology: Antiviral Treatment of Non-Woven Fabric Filters in Surgical Masks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-10, March.
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    1. Reem F. Alruwaili & Nourah Alsadaan & Abeer Nuwayfi Alruwaili & Afrah Ghazi Alrumayh, 2023. "Unveiling the Symbiosis of Environmental Sustainability and Infection Control in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-16, November.

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