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Response of Vegetation Dynamics in the Three-North Region of China to Climate and Human Activities from 1982 to 2018

Author

Listed:
  • Weijia Liang

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Quan Quan

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Bohua Wu

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Shuhong Mo

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

Abstract

To tackle ecological problems, many ecological restoration projects have been implemented in northern China. Identifying the drivers of vegetation change is critical for continued ecological engineering. In this study, three typical ecological reserves in the Three-North Shelter Forest Program Region (TNSFR) were selected to identify their vegetation development characteristics and driving mechanisms using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), climate factors, and land use data. The results show that (1) NDVIs increased in the range of human activities of all of the three ecological reserves, indicating an obvious effect of the vegetation restoration projects. (2) In the planting period, vegetation restoration was mainly correlated with human activities. After entering the tending period, the impact of climate changes on vegetation dynamics was enhanced. (3) Temperature and precipitation provided approximate driving effects on vegetation dynamics in Region I, while vegetation dynamics in Regions II and III were more strongly correlated with precipitation. (4) The proportion of areas with ecological measures exceeded 50% in all three regions. In short, ecological projects in the three ecological reserves dominated the quantity of vegetation restoration, while climate changes influenced the quality of vegetation restoration.

Suggested Citation

  • Weijia Liang & Quan Quan & Bohua Wu & Shuhong Mo, 2023. "Response of Vegetation Dynamics in the Three-North Region of China to Climate and Human Activities from 1982 to 2018," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:4:p:3073-:d:1061570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chao Li & Xuemei Li & Dongliang Luo & Yi He & Fangfang Chen & Bo Zhang & Qiyong Qin, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Pattern of Vegetation Ecology Quality and Its Response to Climate Change between 2000–2017 in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Zheng, X. & Zhu, J.J. & Yan, Q.L. & Song, L.N., 2012. "Effects of land use changes on the groundwater table and the decline of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations in southern Horqin Sandy Land, Northeast China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 94-106.
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    4. Qifei Zhang & Congjian Sun & Yaning Chen & Wei Chen & Yanyun Xiang & Jiao Li & Yuting Liu, 2022. "Recent Oasis Dynamics and Ecological Security in the Tarim River Basin, Central Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Peng Chen & Rong Ma & Jiansheng Shi & Letian Si & Lefan Zhao & Jun Wu, 2023. "Ecological Risks Arising in the Regional Water Resources in Inner Mongolia Due to a Large-Scale Afforestation Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Junling Zhang & Yifei Zhang, 2024. "Quantitative Assessment of the Impact of the Three-North Shelter Forest Program on Vegetation Net Primary Productivity over the Past Two Decades and Its Environmental Benefits in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-26, April.

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