IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i18p13527-d1236776.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Environmental Impact Analysis to Achieve Sustainability for Artisan Chocolate Products Supply Chain

Author

Listed:
  • Taufik Nur

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia)

  • Akhmad Hidayatno

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia)

  • Andri D. Setiawan

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
    Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands)

  • Komarudin Komarudin

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia)

  • Amalia Suzianti

    (Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia)

Abstract

Small-scale artisan chocolate producers target environmentally conscious consumers and must work with their supply chain partners to measure and improve their environmental impacts. This research evaluates the environmental impact along the supply chain of artisan dark chocolate products in Indonesia and creates an action plan to reduce environmental impact. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was used. The analysis considers cocoa production from the farm level to the processing of cocoa beans into bars in three stages for 1 kg of dark chocolate: the farm maintenance and harvesting stage; post-harvesting stage; and processing stage. At the farm maintenance and harvesting stage, the significant contributions are 72.5% of total abiotic depletion (AD), 47.2% of total global warming (GW), 80.2% of total eutrophication (EU). The significant contributions at the post-harvesting are 31.2% of total AD, 51.8% of total GW, 83% of total EU, 26.4% of total ozone layer depletion (ODP), 20.1% of total cumulative energy demand (CED) and non-renewable fossil (NRF), and 36.9% of total CED renewable biomass (RB). And at the processing stage, the significant contributions are 20.5% of total AD, 15% of total GW, 4% of total ODP, 13.1% of total acidification (AC), 12% of total EU, 10% of total fossil resource scarcity (FRS), and 1.6% of total CED NRF. Changes to the farm maintenance and harvesting stages contributed the most to environmental impact reduction by improving waste utilization and the treatment and selection of environmentally friendly materials.

Suggested Citation

  • Taufik Nur & Akhmad Hidayatno & Andri D. Setiawan & Komarudin Komarudin & Amalia Suzianti, 2023. "Environmental Impact Analysis to Achieve Sustainability for Artisan Chocolate Products Supply Chain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13527-:d:1236776
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13527/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/18/13527/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeana Cadby & Tetsuya Araki, 2021. "Towards ethical chocolate: multicriterial identifiers, pricing structures, and the role of the specialty cacao industry in sustainable development," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(3), pages 1-36, March.
    2. Francesco Boenzi & Salvatore Digiesi & Francesco Facchini & Bartolomeo Silvestri, 2022. "Life Cycle Assessment in the Agri-Food Supply Chain: Fresh Versus Semi-Finished Based Production Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Alexis H. Villacis & Jeffrey R. Alwang & Victor Barrera & Juan Dominguez, 2022. "Prices, specialty varieties, and postharvest practices: Insights from cacao value chains in Ecuador," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(2), pages 426-458, April.
    4. Kofi Armah Boakye-Yiadom & Daniele Duca & Ester Foppa Pedretti & Alessio Ilari, 2021. "Environmental Performance of Chocolate Produced in Ghana Using Life Cycle Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Karing’u kelvin Njuguna & Hezron Nyarindo Isaboke & Samuel Njiri Ndirangu, 2022. "Determinants of smallholders’ choice of avocado marketing outlets and profitability in Murang’a County, Kenya," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(8), pages 1-25, August.
    2. Kofi Armah Boakye-Yiadom & Alessio Ilari & Daniele Duca, 2022. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Life Cycle Assessment on the Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens L.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-29, August.
    3. Juan Diego Valenzuela-Cobos & Fabricio Guevara-Viejó & Purificación Vicente-Galindo & Purificación Galindo-Villardón, 2023. "Eco-Friendly Biocontrol of Moniliasis in Ecuadorian Cocoa Using Biplot Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-12, February.
    4. Ballesteros, Josefina F. & Schouteten, Joachim J. & Otilla, Angelyn & Ramirez, Ramona Isabel & Gellynck, Xavier & Casaul, Julieta & De Steur, Hans, 2023. "Does award and origin labeling influence consumers’ willingness-to-pay beyond sensory cues? An experimental auction on improved Philippine tablea (cocoa liquor)," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    5. Villacis, Alexis H. & Kopp, Thomas & Mishra, Ashok K., 2023. "Government-Supported Marketing Channels Increase Incomes only for Producers of Local Staples: Evidence from Fruit and Vegetables Farmers in India," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335470, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Andrieli Fátima Paz Nunes & Deoclécio Junior Cardoso Silva & Beatriz Leite Gustmann Castro & Vânia Medianeira Flores Costa & Luis Felipe Dias Lopes & Gean Carlos Tomazzoni & Claudimar Pereira Veiga, 2023. "Evaluation based on organizational attachments and work performance," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 1-19, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13527-:d:1236776. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.