IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i16p12131-d1212962.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparative Analysis of Hotspot Stress Endurance in Pristine and Thermal Cycled Prestressed Glass–Glass Photovoltaic Modules

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Afridi

    (Photovoltaic Reliability Laboratory, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA)

  • Akash Kumar

    (Photovoltaic Reliability Laboratory, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA)

  • Farrukh ibne Mahmood

    (Photovoltaic Reliability Laboratory, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA)

  • GovindaSamy TamizhMani

    (Photovoltaic Reliability Laboratory, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA)

Abstract

Hotspots pose a significant long-term reliability challenge in photovoltaic (PV) modules that can have a detrimental impact on the efficiency, safety, and financial viability of a PV system. This paper aims to evaluate the endurance of hotspot stress in pristine and prestressed glass–glass (GG) modules. The accelerated prestressing was conducted for 600 thermal cycles (TC600) to represent decades of field exposure. GG modules are quickly becoming an alternative to the traditional glass–backsheet (GB) modules that have been the industry standard. Unlike other conventional studies that subject only pristine modules to hotspot stress, this paper evaluates the performance of an accelerated/simulated field-aged GG module (using TC600) and a pristine GG module. Pre- and post-characterizations were performed before and after each test to determine changes in electrical performance and observe any defects in GG modules. During the hotspot test, an approximately 200 °C maximum cell temperature was observed with a cell shading of 25% (the worst-case shading ratio). After the hotspot test, electroluminescence imaging indicated that most cells in the prestressed GG module exhibited severe damage whereas no significant defects were evident in the pristine GG module where the prestressed GG module degraded 8.2% and the pristine GG module degraded 1.5% in maximum power. These findings are critical for the industry, considering that GG bifacial modules will dominate the market.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Afridi & Akash Kumar & Farrukh ibne Mahmood & GovindaSamy TamizhMani, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of Hotspot Stress Endurance in Pristine and Thermal Cycled Prestressed Glass–Glass Photovoltaic Modules," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-16, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:16:p:12131-:d:1212962
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/16/12131/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/16/12131/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Carlos Olalla & Md. Nazmul Hasan & Chris Deline & Dragan Maksimović, 2018. "Mitigation of Hot-Spots in Photovoltaic Systems Using Distributed Power Electronics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Hanifi, Hamed & Pander, Matthias & Zeller, Ulli & Ilse, Klemens & Dassler, David & Mirza, Mark & Bahattab, Mohammed A. & Jaeckel, Bengt & Hagendorf, Christian & Ebert, Matthias & Gottschalg, Ralph & S, 2020. "Loss analysis and optimization of PV module components and design to achieve higher energy yield and longer service life in desert regions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Waqas Ahmed & Jamil Ahmed Sheikh & Shahjadi Hisan Farjana & M. A. Parvez Mahmud, 2021. "Defects Impact on PV System GHG Mitigation Potential and Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-9, July.
    2. Mahmoud Dhimish & Pavlos I. Lazaridis, 2022. "Approximating Shading Ratio Using the Total-Sky Imaging System: An Application for Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Ji-Hoon Lim & Dong-In Lee & Ye-Ji Hyeon & Jae-Hyuk Choi & Han-Shin Youn, 2022. "Differential Power Processing Converter with an Integrated Transformer and Secondary Switch for Power Generation Optimization of Multiple Photovoltaic Submodules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    4. Dhimish, Mahmoud & Ahmad, Ameer & Tyrrell, Andy M., 2022. "Inequalities in photovoltaics modules reliability: From packaging to PV installation site," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 805-814.
    5. Hyunji Lee & Katherine A. Kim, 2018. "Design Considerations for Parallel Differential Power Processing Converters in a Photovoltaic-Powered Wearable Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Yun, Min Ju & Sim, Yeon Hyang & Lee, Dong Yoon & Cha, Seung I., 2022. "Reliable Lego®-style assembled stretchable photovoltaic module for 3-dimensional curved surface application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    7. Yiqing Dai & Yan Yin & Yundi Lu, 2021. "Strategies to Facilitate Photovoltaic Applications in Road Structures for Energy Harvesting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, October.
    8. Hamed Hanifi & Bengt Jaeckel & Matthias Pander & David Dassler & Sagarika Kumar & Jens Schneider, 2022. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Half-Cell Modules for Desert Climates: An Overview on Power, Performance, Durability and Costs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.
    9. Hassan Daher, Daha & Gaillard, Léon & Ménézo, Christophe, 2022. "Experimental assessment of long-term performance degradation for a PV power plant operating in a desert maritime climate," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 44-55.
    10. Jirada Gosumbonggot & Goro Fujita, 2019. "Global Maximum Power Point Tracking under Shading Condition and Hotspot Detection Algorithms for Photovoltaic Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-23, March.
    11. Wang, Chao & Huang, Xia & Hu, Xiaoqian & Zhao, Longfeng & Liu, Chao & Ghadimi, Pezhman, 2021. "Trade characteristics, competition patterns and COVID-19 related shock propagation in the global solar photovoltaic cell trade," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    12. Jaeun Kim & Matheus Rabelo & Siva Parvathi Padi & Hasnain Yousuf & Eun-Chel Cho & Junsin Yi, 2021. "A Review of the Degradation of Photovoltaic Modules for Life Expectancy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-21, July.
    13. Paxis Marques João Roque & Shyama P. D. Chowdhury & Zhongjie Huan, 2021. "Improvement of Stand-Alone Solar PV Systems in the Maputo Region by Adapting Necessary Parameters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-18, July.
    14. Tiago Alves & João Paulo N. Torres & Ricardo A. Marques Lameirinhas & Carlos A. F. Fernandes, 2021. "Different Techniques to Mitigate Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Panels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-25, June.
    15. Meng, B. & Loonen, R.C.G.M. & Hensen, J.L.M., 2022. "Performance variability and implications for yield prediction of rooftop PV systems – Analysis of 246 identical systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:16:p:12131-:d:1212962. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.