IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i12p9518-d1170407.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evaluating Cities and Real Estate Smartness and Integration: Introducing a Comprehensive Evaluation Framework

Author

Listed:
  • Tarek Hatem Al-Rimawi

    (Chair Real Estate Development, Faculty of Spatial Planning, Technical University (TU) Dortmund, August-Schmidt-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

  • Michael Nadler

    (Chair Real Estate Development, Faculty of Spatial Planning, Technical University (TU) Dortmund, August-Schmidt-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany)

Abstract

This study aims to identify the success features and indicators of smart cities and real estate projects in order to increase their smartness and integration. Additionally, the study introduces a new comprehensive evaluation framework for both levels; this framework was developed by analyzing scientific literature, indexes, and relevant frameworks. The comparative benchmarks analysis demonstrated the practical application of the framework; seven benchmarks for each level were selected based on selection criteria. The framework is based on seven categories: smart governance, smart people, smart infrastructure, smart energy, smart environment, smart technology, and real estate status. The analysis revealed that cities and projects are adopting smart solutions with a significant integration between the chosen solutions. However, there is still room for improvement at both levels. The range of smart performance and indicators performance is illustrated in the study. The correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the indicators. Smart real estate followed different strategies for integration into the smart city. Nevertheless, it was discovered that cities could limit smart real estate development in some respects. The study revealed factors and indicators that the municipality, real estate developers, and other stakeholders should focus on in order to achieve smarter development.

Suggested Citation

  • Tarek Hatem Al-Rimawi & Michael Nadler, 2023. "Evaluating Cities and Real Estate Smartness and Integration: Introducing a Comprehensive Evaluation Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9518-:d:1170407
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9518/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/12/9518/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rasa Apanaviciene & Rokas Urbonas & Paris A. Fokaides, 2020. "Smart Building Integration into a Smart City: Comparative Study of Real Estate Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Seunghwan Myeong & Yuseok Jung & Eunuk Lee, 2018. "A Study on Determinant Factors in Smart City Development: An Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-17, July.
    3. Naomi Morishita-Steffen & Rémi Alberola & Baptiste Mougeot & Étienne Vignali & Camilla Wikström & Uwe Montag & Emmanuel Gastaud & Brigitte Lutz & Gerhard Hartmann & Franz Xaver Pfaffenbichler & Ali Ha, 2021. "Smarter Together: Progressing Smart Data Platforms in Lyon, Munich, and Vienna," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, February.
    4. Zihan Zhao & Yuhan Zhang, 2020. "Impact of Smart City Planning and Construction on Economic and Social Benefits Based on Big Data Analysis," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-11, November.
    5. Haoran Zhuang & Jian Zhang & Sivaparthipan C. B. & Bala Anand Muthu, 2020. "Sustainable Smart City Building Construction Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-17, June.
    6. Fahim Ullah & Samad M. E. Sepasgozar & Changxin Wang, 2018. "A Systematic Review of Smart Real Estate Technology: Drivers of, and Barriers to, the Use of Digital Disruptive Technologies and Online Platforms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-44, September.
    7. Rasa Apanaviciene & Andrius Vanagas & Paris A. Fokaides, 2020. "Smart Building Integration into a Smart City (SBISC): Development of a New Evaluation Framework," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-19, May.
    8. World Bank, 2020. "The World Bank Annual Report 2020 [Rapport annuel 2020 du Banque Mondiale]," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 34406.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mustafa Muthanna Najm Shahrabani & Rasa Apanaviciene, 2024. "An AI-Based Evaluation Framework for Smart Building Integration into Smart City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-35, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Joshua Olusegun FAYOMI & Zainab Abdulqadir SANI, 2021. "The future of work in the smart city: Managing virtual work by leveraging smart cities to achieve organizational strategy," Smart Cities and Regional Development (SCRD) Journal, Smart-EDU Hub, Faculty of Public Administration, National University of Political Studies & Public Administration, vol. 5(3), pages 103-114, July.
    2. Rasa Apanaviciene & Rokas Urbonas & Paris A. Fokaides, 2020. "Smart Building Integration into a Smart City: Comparative Study of Real Estate Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Shirley Kempeneer & Michaël Peeters & Tine Compernolle, 2021. "Bringing the User Back in the Building: An Analysis of ESG in Real Estate and a Behavioral Framework to Guide Future Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Zheng Wen Lie & Qing Liang Zheng & Shiyuan Zhou & Hozan Latif Rauf, 2022. "Virtual energy-saving environmental protection building design and implementation," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 13(1), pages 263-272, March.
    5. Lin, Sheng-Hau & Zhang, Hejie & Li, Jia-Hsuan & Ye, Cheng-Zhou & Hsieh, Jing-Chzi, 2022. "Evaluating smart office buildings from a sustainability perspective: A model of hybrid multi-attribute decision-making," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    6. Mu, Rui & Haershan, Maidina & Wu, Peiyi, 2022. "What organizational conditions, in combination, drive technology enactment in government-led smart city projects?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    7. Tiantian Gu & Shuyu Liu & Xuefan Liu & Yujia Shan & Enyang Hao & Miaomiao Niu, 2023. "Evaluation of the Smart City and Analysis of Its Spatial–Temporal Characteristics in China: A Case Study of 26 Cities in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-23, September.
    8. Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq & Cheuk Yin Wai & Nitin Muttil, 2020. "Vulnerability Assessment of Ubiquitous Cities Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-21, December.
    9. Ebrahim Navid Sadjadi, 2025. "The recovery plans at the time of COVID-19 foster the journey toward smart city development and sustainability: a narrative review," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(5), pages 9743-9771, May.
    10. Ali Hainoun & Hans-Martin Neumann & Naomi Morishita-Steffen & Baptiste Mougeot & Étienne Vignali & Florian Mandel & Felix Hörmann & Sebastian Stortecky & Katharina Walter & Martin Kaltenhauser-Barth &, 2022. "Smarter Together: Monitoring and Evaluation of Integrated Building Solutions for Low-Energy Districts of Lighthouse Cities Lyon, Munich, and Vienna," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-26, September.
    11. Sinha, Shreya & Narain, Nivedita & Bhanjdeo, Arundhita, 2022. "Building back better? Resilience as wellbeing for rural migrant households in Bihar, India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    12. Habib Sadri & Ibrahim Yitmen & Lavinia Chiara Tagliabue & Florian Westphal & Algan Tezel & Afshin Taheri & Goran Sibenik, 2023. "Integration of Blockchain and Digital Twins in the Smart Built Environment Adopting Disruptive Technologies—A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-46, February.
    13. Le Tung Bach, 2023. "The behavioral intention to adopt Proptech services in Vietnam real estate market," Papers 2312.06994, arXiv.org.
    14. Hafiz Suliman Munawar & Hina Inam & Fahim Ullah & Siddra Qayyum & Abbas Z. Kouzani & M. A. Parvez Mahmud, 2021. "Towards Smart Healthcare: UAV-Based Optimized Path Planning for Delivering COVID-19 Self-Testing Kits Using Cutting Edge Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-21, September.
    15. Zsuzsanna Katalin Szabo & Zsombor Szádoczki & Sándor Bozóki & Gabriela C. Stănciulescu & Dalma Szabo, 2021. "An Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach for Prioritisation of Strategic Objectives of Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-26, February.
    16. Barbara Siuta-Tokarska & Sylwia Kruk & Paweł Krzemiński & Agnieszka Thier & Katarzyna Żmija, 2022. "Digitalisation of Enterprises in the Energy Sector: Drivers—Business Models—Prospective Directions of Changes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-21, November.
    17. Cezary Stępniak & Dorota Jelonek & Magdalena Wyrwicka & Iwona Chomiak-Orsa, 2021. "Integration of the Infrastructure of Systems Used in Smart Cities for the Planning of Transport and Communication Systems in Cities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, May.
    18. Guarini, Maria Rosaria & Roma, Antonella & Sabatelli, Emma & Segura-de-la-Cal, Alejandro, 2025. "Intrinsic and extrinsic attributes in real estate pricing: Insights for sustainable urban planning strategies," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    19. Nguyet Anh Dang & Rubianca Benavidez & Stephanie Anne Tomscha & Ho Nguyen & Dung Duc Tran & Diep Thi Hong Nguyen & Ho Huu Loc & Bethanna Marie Jackson, 2021. "Ecosystem Service Modelling to Support Nature-Based Flood Water Management in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-28, December.
    20. Jun Qiu & Jing Cao & Xinyi Gu & Zimo Ge & Zhe Wang & Zheng Liang, 2023. "Design of an Evaluation System for Disruptive Technologies to Benefit Smart Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9518-:d:1170407. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.