IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2022i1p599-d1019153.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Microgrid Protection Using Magneto-Resistive Sensors and Superimposed Reactive Energy

Author

Listed:
  • Musfira Mehmood

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Syed Basit Ali Bukhari

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan)

  • Abdullah Altamimi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
    Engineering and Applied Science Research Center, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia)

  • Zafar A. Khan

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, Pakistan)

  • Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Yousif

    (US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Dong Ryeol Shin

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Information and Communication Engineering (CICE), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

The concept of microgrids has emerged as an effective way to integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) into distribution networks. The presence of DERs in microgrids leads to challenges in the formulation of protection for microgrids. Protection problems arise in a microgrid due to varying fault current levels in different operating scenarios. In order to overcome the practical challenges arising from varying fault current levels leading to short-circuit faults in microgrids, this paper proposes a MagnetoResistive (MR) sensors-based protection scheme, with fault localization through SuperimposedReactiveEnergy (SRE). The process is initiated by employing highly sensitive non-intrusive magnetic sensors to detect the magnetic field at each end of the distribution line. The magnetic field is then used to calculate the total harmonic distortion and thus detect faults in microgrids. After detection of faults, the proposed scheme uses SRE to identify faulty zones in microgrids. Finally, SI components of the current are extracted for fault classification. Extensive simulations on the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) microgrid are performed in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the efficacy of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively detect, classify and isolate different faults in microgrids, while operating under various modes with varying fault locations and resistances, with the efficiency of approximately 97–98%.

Suggested Citation

  • Musfira Mehmood & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Abdullah Altamimi & Zafar A. Khan & Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi & Muhammad Yousif & Dong Ryeol Shin, 2022. "Microgrid Protection Using Magneto-Resistive Sensors and Superimposed Reactive Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-28, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:599-:d:1019153
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/1/599/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/1/599/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Noor Hussain & Mashood Nasir & Juan Carlos Vasquez & Josep M. Guerrero, 2020. "Recent Developments and Challenges on AC Microgrids Fault Detection and Protection Systems–A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-31, May.
    2. Shazia Baloch & Saeed Zaman Jamali & Khawaja Khalid Mehmood & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari & Muhammad Saeed Uz Zaman & Arif Hussain & Chul-Hwan Kim, 2020. "Microgrid Protection Strategy Based on the Autocorrelation of Current Envelopes Using the Squaring and Low-Pass Filtering Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, May.
    3. Brearley, Belwin J. & Prabu, R. Raja, 2017. "A review on issues and approaches for microgrid protection," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 988-997.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Oscar Núñez-Mata & Rodrigo Palma-Behnke & Felipe Valencia & Patricio Mendoza-Araya & Guillermo Jiménez-Estévez, 2018. "Adaptive Protection System for Microgrids Based on a Robust Optimization Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Faisal Mumtaz & Kashif Imran & Abdullah Abusorrah & Syed Basit Ali Bukhari, 2022. "Harmonic Content-Based Protection Method for Microgrids via 1-Dimensional Recursive Median Filtering Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Sohail Sarwar & Desen Kirli & Michael M. C. Merlin & Aristides E. Kiprakis, 2022. "Major Challenges towards Energy Management and Power Sharing in a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-30, November.
    4. Jeziel Vázquez & Elias J. J. Rodriguez & Jaime Arau & Nimrod Vázquez, 2021. "A di/dt Detection Circuit for DC Unidirectional Breaker Based on Inductor Transient Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-18, August.
    5. Ming Li & Jin Ye, 2022. "Design and Implementation of Demand Side Response Based on Binomial Distribution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-15, November.
    6. Regin Bose Kannaian & Belwin Brearley Joseph & Raja Prabu Ramachandran, 2023. "An Adaptive Centralized Protection and Relay Coordination Algorithm for Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-18, June.
    7. Hyun Shin & Sang Heon Chae & Eel-Hwan Kim, 2020. "Design of Microgrid Protection Schemes Using PSCAD/EMTDC and ETAP Programs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, November.
    8. Eduardo Gómez-Luna & John E. Candelo-Becerra & Juan C. Vasquez, 2023. "A New Digital Twins-Based Overcurrent Protection Scheme for Distributed Energy Resources Integrated Distribution Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-23, July.
    9. Edmilson Bermudes Rocha Junior & Oureste Elias Batista & Domingos Sávio Lyrio Simonetti, 2022. "Differential Analysis of Fault Currents in a Power Distribution Feeder Using abc , αβ0 , and dq0 Reference Frames," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-22, January.
    10. Alanne, Kari & Cao, Sunliang, 2019. "An overview of the concept and technology of ubiquitous energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 284-302.
    11. Barra, P.H.A. & Coury, D.V. & Fernandes, R.A.S., 2020. "A survey on adaptive protection of microgrids and distribution systems with distributed generators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    12. Mirsaeidi, Sohrab & Dong, Xinzhou & Said, Dalila Mat, 2018. "Towards hybrid AC/DC microgrids: Critical analysis and classification of protection strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 97-103.
    13. Stavros Lazarou & Vasiliki Vita & Lambros Ekonomou, 2018. "Protection Schemes of Meshed Distribution Networks for Smart Grids and Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, November.
    14. Guilherme V. Hollweg & Shahid A. Khan & Shivam Chaturvedi & Yaoyu Fan & Mengqi Wang & Wencong Su, 2023. "Grid-Connected Converters: A Brief Survey of Topologies, Output Filters, Current Control, and Weak Grids Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-31, April.
    15. Mostafa Bakkar & Santiago Bogarra & Felipe Córcoles & Ahmed Aboelhassan & Shuo Wang & Javier Iglesias, 2022. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Protection for Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-18, July.
    16. Salima Abeid & Yanting Hu & Feras Alasali & Naser El-Naily, 2022. "Innovative Optimal Nonstandard Tripping Protection Scheme for Radial and Meshed Microgrid Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-29, July.
    17. Dagar, Annu & Gupta, Pankaj & Niranjan, Vandana, 2021. "Microgrid protection: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    18. Amrutha Raju Battula & Sandeep Vuddanti & Surender Reddy Salkuti, 2021. "Review of Energy Management System Approaches in Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-32, September.
    19. Cem Haydaroğlu & Bilal Gümüş, 2022. "Fault Detection in Distribution Network with the Cauchy-M Estimate—RVFLN Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-18, December.
    20. Stracqualursi, Erika & Rosato, Antonello & Di Lorenzo, Gianfranco & Panella, Massimo & Araneo, Rodolfo, 2023. "Systematic review of energy theft practices and autonomous detection through artificial intelligence methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:599-:d:1019153. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.