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Autonomous Vehicles for Enhancing Expressway Capacity: A Dynamic Perspective

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  • Cong-Jian Liu

    (School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Fang-Kai Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Zhuang-Zhuang Wang

    (School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Tao Wang

    (School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Ze-Hao Jiang

    (School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

With rapidly developing communication and autonomous-driving technology, traffic flow on road networks will change from homogeneous human-driven vehicle (HDV) traffic flow to heterogeneous mixed traffic flow (MTF) comprising HDVs, autonomous vehicles (AVs), and connective-and-autonomous vehicles (CAVs). To understand the changes in the MTF of transportation engineering, we investigated the reserved capacity (RC) and right-of-way (ROW) reallocation policy that should be utilized under MTF scenarios. We established an MTF-based theoretical model to calculate the expressway segment capacity, theoretically analyzed the influence of the market penetration rate (MPR) on capacity and validated the model through numerical analysis. The results showed that the MPR of AVs and CAVs can enhance the MTF RC that is within 0–200% and that the platooning rate of CAVs positively influences the MTF RC. CAV popularization does not necessarily lead to a rapid increase in the transportation system efficiency when the MPR is <40% but significantly improves the efficiency of existing urban transportation facilities. When the MPR is >40%, the greatest enhancement is 4800 pcu/h/lane in terms of RC. A ROW reallocation policy that equips CAV-dedicated lanes according to the MPR of AVs and CAVs can enhance the capacity of expressway systems by 500 pcu/h/lane in terms of RC.

Suggested Citation

  • Cong-Jian Liu & Fang-Kai Wang & Zhuang-Zhuang Wang & Tao Wang & Ze-Hao Jiang, 2022. "Autonomous Vehicles for Enhancing Expressway Capacity: A Dynamic Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5193-:d:801965
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Qingyu Luo & Rui Du & Hongfei Jia & Lili Yang, 2022. "Research on the Deployment of Joint Dedicated Lanes for CAVs and Buses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-20, July.

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