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Analytical Implementation and Prediction of Hydraulic Characteristics for a Francis Turbine Runner Operated at BEP

Author

Listed:
  • Yu Chen

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada)

  • Jianxu Zhou

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Bryan Karney

    (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada)

  • Qiang Guo

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Jian Zhang

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract

The extensive investigation and profound understanding of the hydraulic characteristics of the Francis turbine are crucial to ensure a safe and stable hydraulic system. Especially, predicting the runner’s hydraulic efficiency with high fidelity is mandatory at the early stage of a new hydropower project. For these purposes, the current technologies mainly include experimentation and CFD simulation. Both methods generally have the demerits of a long period, massive investment and high requirements for supercomputers. In this work, an analytical solution is therefore introduced in order to predict the internal flow field and working performance of the runner while the Francis turbine operates at the best efficiency point (BEP). This approach, based on differential-geometry theory and the kinematics of ideal fluid, discretizes the blade channel by several spatial streamlines. Then, the dynamic parameters of these streamlines are determined in a curved-surface coordinate system, including velocity components, flow angles, Eulerian energy and pressure differences across the blade. Additionally, velocity components are converted from the spatial-velocity triangle to the Cartesian coordinate system, and the absolute-velocity vectors as well as the streamlines are subsequently derived. A validation of this approach is then presented. The analytical solution of hydraulic efficiency shows good agreement with the experimental value and simulation result. Additionally, the distributions of pressure differences over the blade, velocity and Eulerian energy are well predicted with respect to the CFD results. Finally, the discrepancy and distribution of the dynamic parameters are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Chen & Jianxu Zhou & Bryan Karney & Qiang Guo & Jian Zhang, 2022. "Analytical Implementation and Prediction of Hydraulic Characteristics for a Francis Turbine Runner Operated at BEP," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:1965-:d:745400
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Sebastián Leguizamón & François Avellan, 2020. "Open-Source Implementation and Validation of a 3D Inverse Design Method for Francis Turbine Runners," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Zhenmu Chen & Patrick M. Singh & Young-Do Choi, 2016. "Francis Turbine Blade Design on the Basis of Port Area and Loss Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-12, March.
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