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Effects of Exogenous Bacterial Agents on Material Transformation and Microbial Community Composition during Composting of Tomato Stalks

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  • Yang Li

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Guanzhi Zhang

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Peng Xu

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Shun Zhou

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Yan Li

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Liyuan Ma

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Zhenchao Yang

    (College of Horticulture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
    Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Engineering, School of Horticulture, Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

  • Yongjun Wu

    (College of Life Sciences, Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China)

Abstract

Tomato stems can pollute the environment and also cause resource costs. In this study, five combinations of microbial agents were added to tomato stems for aerobic composting to find effective microbial formulations to improve composting performance and product quality through comparative analysis. Six treatments were set up: T1 (Microbial agents A), T2 (0.5% Microbial agents B), T3 (0.5% Microbial agents C), T4 (0.5% Microbial agents D), T5 (0.5% Microbial agents E) and T6 (no addition). The physicochemical parameters of the composting system were measured, and the dynamics of the microbial community during the composting process were studied using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the T1 treatment had a longer high-temperature period than T6 and the highest cellulose degradation rate (62.0%). The contents of total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK) and effective potassium (AK) were 8.11 g·kg −1 , 53.98 g·kg −1 and 45.62 g·kg −1 , respectively, at the end of composting, representing increases of 270.3%, 56.6% and 25.40% compared to the initial values, significantly higher than the control ( p < 0.05). The Chao1 and Shannon indexes of T1 treatment were 73.5% and 41.7% higher in the compost decay stage for bacteria, and 50.2% and 18.1% for fungi, significantly higher than in T6 ( p < 0.05) compared to the initial values. During the high-temperature phase, the abundance of Aspergillus increased (4.13% to 44.24%) the abundance of Staphylococcus decreased (58.31% to 8.90%). In terms of numbers and species diversity, bacterial communities were more abundant than fungal communities. Proteobacteria , Firmicutes , Actinomycetes and Bacteroides were the four main bacterial phyla, while Ascomycetes was the absolutely dominant fungal phylum. In conclusion, the addition of microbial agent A can effectively improve the nutrient content of tomato stem compost, promote the maturation of compost, and regulate the microbial community structure and can realize the resource utilization of tomato stems.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang Li & Guanzhi Zhang & Peng Xu & Shun Zhou & Yan Li & Liyuan Ma & Zhenchao Yang & Yongjun Wu, 2022. "Effects of Exogenous Bacterial Agents on Material Transformation and Microbial Community Composition during Composting of Tomato Stalks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:16284-:d:995134
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Devin B Holman & Xiying Hao & Edward Topp & Hee Eun Yang & Trevor W Alexander, 2016. "Effect of Co-Composting Cattle Manure with Construction and Demolition Waste on the Archaeal, Bacterial, and Fungal Microbiota, and on Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(6), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Cuixia Yun & Changrong Yan & Yinghao Xue & Zhiyu Xu & Tuo Jin & Qin Liu, 2021. "Effects of Exogenous Microbial Agents on Soil Nutrient and Microbial Community Composition in Greenhouse-Derived Vegetable Straw Composts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, March.
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