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Potential of Organic Amendments for Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil–Coriander System: Environmental Fate and Associated Ecological Risk

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  • Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain

    (Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Zafar Iqbal Khan

    (Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Pervaiz Akhter

    (Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan)

  • Fahad M. Al-Hemaid

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohamed Soliman Elshikh

    (Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Kafeel Ahmad

    (Department of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Hsi-Hsien Yang

    (Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology. No. 168, Jifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung 413310, Taiwan)

Abstract

Pollution by organic wastes and manures is an important problem in tropical and sub-tropical countries and novel solutions for their proper management and valorization are needed. Waste-derived organic manures may increase metal load in the soil–plant ecosystem and food chain, with potential risks to public health. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of three manures (poultry waste (PW), press mud (PM), and farmyard manure (FYM)) on heavy metals (HMs) (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn) toxicity in a soil and coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) system and their environmental impact (bioaccumulation, pollution load) and the consequent risk to human health via consumption. Results demonstrated that HMs in coriander fluctuated from 0.40 to 0.43 for Cd, 1.84 to 3.52 for Co, 0.15 to 0.16 for Cr, 1.32 to 1.40 for Cu, 0.05 to 0.09 for Pb, 1.32 to 2.51 for Fe, 0.10 to 0.32 for Mn, and 2.01 to 8.70 mg/kg for Zn, respectively. Highest pollution load index value was 2.89 for Cd and Mn showed the lowest (0.005). Daily intake of metal was noticed to be higher for Zn (0.049 mg/kg/day) for PW and lower for Mn (0.0005) at FYM treatment. The health risk index value was <1 and in the range of 2.30–2.50 for Cd showing potential carcinogenicity. It was concluded that as the organic amendments have the widest application in vegetables, it should be prudent to avoid their contamination and mobilization in plant–soil ecosystems to protect public health perspectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain & Zafar Iqbal Khan & Pervaiz Akhter & Fahad M. Al-Hemaid & Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi & Mohamed Soliman Elshikh & Kafeel Ahmad & Hsi-Hsien Yang, 2022. "Potential of Organic Amendments for Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil–Coriander System: Environmental Fate and Associated Ecological Risk," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:18:p:11374-:d:911760
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hussain, M. Iftikhar & Muscolo, Adele & Farooq, Muhammad & Ahmad, Waqar, 2019. "Sustainable use and management of non-conventional water resources for rehabilitation of marginal lands in arid and semiarid environments," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 462-476.
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    1. Maria Ghazzal & Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain & Zafar Iqbal Khan & M. Habib ur Rahman & Abeer A. El-Habeeb & Hsi-Hsien Yang, 2022. "Chromium Poisoning in Buffaloes in the Vicinity of Contaminated Pastureland, Punjab, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-17, November.

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