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Crop Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Grains as Affected by Tillage Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Majid Yousefian

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Lorestan University, KhorramAbad 6815144316, Iran)

  • Feizollah Shahbazi

    (Department of Biosystems Engineering, Lorestan University, KhorramAbad 6815144316, Iran)

  • Kianoosh Hamidian

    (Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Lorestan Jihad Agricultural Organization, KhorramAbad 6816914116, Iran)

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of tillage systems (TS) on wheat grain yield, yield components, and physicochemical properties under rain-fed conditions over 2 years (2018–2019) in the Kuhdasht region in southwestern Iran. The tillage treatments were a combination of conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and no tillage (NT) systems based on randomized complete blocks with three replications. Wheat grain yields and yield components, physical properties (geometrical dimensions, sphericity, thousand-grain mass (TGM), water absorption (WA), volume (V), and density), chemical composition (protein content (PC), water content (WC), fiber content (FC), ash content (AC)), surface color parameters (L*, a*, and b*), and correlations among measured parameters were assessed. The results showed that wheat grain yield and yield components were significantly affected by TS ( p < 0.01). The wheat grain yield was higher under CT (2.72 t ha −1 ), with a significant difference between RT (1.76 t ha −1 ) and NT (1.20 t ha −1 ). The highest TGM (49.19 g) was achieved under CT, followed by RT (43.41 g), with the lowest (39.17 g) in the NT system. TS had significant effects on certain physical properties of wheat grains ( p < 0.01). Wheat grain, size, shape, and mass values were higher under CT than RT and NT systems in all experimental years. CT resulted in the highest WA, while the lowest resulted from NT. TS had no significant influence on the density of the grains. TS had significant effects on PC, AC, and WC values of grains at the 1% probability level and on FC at the 5% level. Higher PC values were obtained under the CT system (13.07%, against 11.90% and 10.67% for RT and NT, respectively) in all growing seasons. Additionally, the AC was significantly lower in the sample grains under RT (2.38%) and NT (2.43%) than in those from CT (2.56). The FC was higher under NT (15.73%) than RT (13.73) and CT (13.71%). The grain WC was significantly higher under NT (7.57%) than RT (6.79%) and CT (7.0%). The TS significantly affected the surface color parameters of grains, while the L* (lightness) and b* (yellowness) values of grains under CT were higher than in RT and NT.

Suggested Citation

  • Majid Yousefian & Feizollah Shahbazi & Kianoosh Hamidian, 2021. "Crop Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Grains as Affected by Tillage Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:4781-:d:542708
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Magdalena Ruiz & Encarna Zambrana & Rosario Fite & Aida Sole & Jose Luis Tenorio & Elena Benavente, 2019. "Yield and Quality Performance of Traditional and Improved Bread and Durum Wheat Varieties under Two Conservation Tillage Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Shokoofeh Sarikhani Khorami & Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini & Sadegh Afzalinia & Mahesh Kumar Gathala, 2018. "Changes in Soil Properties and Productivity under Different Tillage Practices and Wheat Genotypes: A Short-Term Study in Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Tabatabaeefar, A. & Emamzadeh, H. & Varnamkhasti, M. Ghasemi & Rahimizadeh, R. & Karimi, M., 2009. "Comparison of energy of tillage systems in wheat production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 41-45.
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    3. Harun Cicek & Mia Schoeber & Irfan Gültekin & Tae Hoon Kim & Alexander Heer & Fevzi Partigöç & Rifat Zafer Arısoy & Şeref Aksoyak & Fatih Özdemir & Amritbir Riar, 2025. "Superior Wheat Yield and Profitability in Conservation Agriculture with Diversified Rotations vs. Conventional Tillage in Cold Arid Climates," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-13, June.

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