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Water Quality Analysis of Drinking Water Resource Lake Sapanca and Suggestions for the Solution of the Pollution Problem in the Context of Sustainable Environment Approach

Author

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  • Muhammed Ernur Akıner

    (Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Campus, Antalya 07070, Turkey)

  • İlknur Akıner

    (Faculty of Architecture, Akdeniz University, Campus, Antalya 07070, Turkey)

Abstract

Lake Sapanca is the drinking water source of the Sakarya province of Turkey. Intensive urbanization in the region is the main obstacle to implementing appropriate physical planning and measures to adapt to rapid change. The monitoring of the water quality parameters in the planning and management of the lakes is significant. The Artificial Neural Network (ANN), a mathematical representation of the human brain’s functioning, was employed to estimate the Lake’s Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration. pH, Magnesium (Mg), Temperature (Temp), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Orthophosphate (o-PO 4 ), Nitrite Nitrogen (NO 2 -N), and Nitrate Nitrogen (NO 3 -N) were used as independent parameters. The successful ANN model gives better results compared to the traditional multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. The developed model can be used for forecast purposes to complete the missing data in the future and support the decision process for pollution reduction through sustainable environmental management. The eutrophication threat for Lake Sapanca has been revealed. The main objective is to create the scientific infrastructure that will draw attention to the rapid urbanization problem with ANN and eutrophication models’ outputs. It has been understood that the protection of the water budget of Lake Sapanca is the primary solution method in terms of ecological sustainability to eliminate the existing pollution.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammed Ernur Akıner & İlknur Akıner, 2021. "Water Quality Analysis of Drinking Water Resource Lake Sapanca and Suggestions for the Solution of the Pollution Problem in the Context of Sustainable Environment Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:7:p:3917-:d:528565
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Atilla Akkoyunlu & Muhammed Akiner, 2010. "Feasibility Assessment of Data-Driven Models in Predicting Pollution Trends of Omerli Lake, Turkey," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(13), pages 3419-3436, October.
    2. Álvarez, X. & Valero, E. & Santos, R.M.B. & Varandas, S.G.P. & Sanches Fernandes, L.F. & Pacheco, F.A.L., 2017. "Anthropogenic nutrients and eutrophication in multiple land use watersheds: Best management practices and policies for the protection of water resources," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 1-11.
    3. Hannes Weber & Jennifer Dabbs Sciubba, 2019. "The Effect of Population Growth on the Environment: Evidence from European Regions," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 35(2), pages 379-402, May.
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