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Non-Revenue Water in Malaysia: Influence of Water Distribution Pipe Types

Author

Listed:
  • Lim Jen Nee Jones

    (School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Daniel Kong

    (School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Boon Thong Tan

    (School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Puspavathy Rassiah

    (School of Business, Monash University Malaysia, Petaling Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia)

Abstract

Reducing non-revenue water (NRW) within a water distribution network may lead to significant water savings. Most existing literature tend to focus on the design and implementation aspects of NRW loss through better management of leaks, reservoir overflow, and water theft. In contrast, this paper examines the association between the various water pipe types and their respective impact on NRW loss in an emerging country. Malaysia is currently listed under emerging and developing economies category in the International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook Database (October 2020). A correlation analysis is carried out using historical data obtained from the Malaysian water authority, covering fiscal years 2013 to 2017 (inclusive of both years). Further analysis is carried out by measuring the number of cases reported for two selected states in relation to the type of pipe materials used. Results show that there is a significant correlation between mild steel and polyethylene pipes to NRW loss. This study provides a better understanding of how water pipe types affect NRW loss, which is pertinent to developing best practices in the marketplace to manage NRW loss and protect water resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Lim Jen Nee Jones & Daniel Kong & Boon Thong Tan & Puspavathy Rassiah, 2021. "Non-Revenue Water in Malaysia: Influence of Water Distribution Pipe Types," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:2310-:d:502861
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. White, Halbert, 1980. "A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(4), pages 817-838, May.
    2. Massoud Tabesh & Abbas Roozbahani & Bardia Roghani & Niousha Rasi Faghihi & Reza Heydarzadeh, 2018. "Risk Assessment of Factors Influencing Non-Revenue Water Using Bayesian Networks and Fuzzy Logic," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(11), pages 3647-3670, September.
    3. Lee, Cassey, 2005. "Water Tariff and Development: The Case of Malaysia," Centre on Regulation and Competition (CRC) Working papers 30676, University of Manchester, Institute for Development Policy and Management (IDPM).
    4. van den Berg, Caroline, 2015. "Drivers of non-revenue water: A cross-national analysis," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 71-78.
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    Cited by:

    1. Omar Abdulah Shrrat Omar, 2023. "Evaluation of Pipe Materials in Water System Networks Using the Theory of Advanced Multi-Criteria Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Meireles, Inês & Sousa, Vitor & Matos, José Pedro & Cruz, Carlos Oliveira, 2023. "Determinants of water loss in Portuguese utilities," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).

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