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RETRACTED: Evaluation and Classification Risks of Implementing Blockchain in the Drug Supply Chain with a New Hybrid Sorting Method

Author

Listed:
  • Parisa Sabbagh

    (DISA-MIS Department, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy)

  • Rana Pourmohamad

    (ASU School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision System Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA)

  • Marischa Elveny

    (Department of Data Science & Computational Intelligence Research Group, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia)

  • Mohammadali Beheshti

    (University of Houston-Clear Lake, Department of Science and Engineering, Houston, TX 77058, USA)

  • Afshin Davarpanah

    (Data Science & Computational Intelligence Research Group, Universitas Medan Area, Medan 20112, Indonesia)

  • Ahmed Sayed M. Metwally

    (Department of Mathematics, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Shafaqat Ali

    (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan)

  • Amin Salih Mohammed

    (Department of Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
    Department of Software and Informatics Engineering, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq)

Abstract

In blockchain technology, all registered information, from the place of production of the product to its point of sale, is recorded as permanent and unchangeable, and no intermediary has the ability to change the data of other members and even the data registered by them without public consensus. In this way, users can trust the accuracy of the data. Blockchain systems have a wide range of applications in the medical and health sectors, from creating an integrated system for recording and tracking patients’ medical records to creating transparency in the drug supply chain and medical supplies. However, implementing blockchain technology in the supply chain has limitations and sometimes has risks. In this study, BWM methods and VIKORSort have been used to classify the risks of implementing blockchain in the drug supply chain. The results show that cyberattacks, double spending, and immutability are very dangerous risks for implementation of blockchain technology in the drug supply chain. Therefore, the risks of blockchain technology implementation in the drug supply chain have been classified based on a literature review and opinions of the experts. The risks of blockchain technology implementation in the supply chain were determined from the literature review.

Suggested Citation

  • Parisa Sabbagh & Rana Pourmohamad & Marischa Elveny & Mohammadali Beheshti & Afshin Davarpanah & Ahmed Sayed M. Metwally & Shafaqat Ali & Amin Salih Mohammed, 2021. "RETRACTED: Evaluation and Classification Risks of Implementing Blockchain in the Drug Supply Chain with a New Hybrid Sorting Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:20:p:11466-:d:658474
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marten Risius & Kai Spohrer, 2017. "A Blockchain Research Framework," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 59(6), pages 385-409, December.
    2. repec:aen:journl:ej37-si1-introduction is not listed on IDEAS
    3. J. Leon Zhao & Shaokun Fan & Jiaqi Yan, 2016. "Overview of business innovations and research opportunities in blockchain and introduction to the special issue," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 2(1), pages 1-7, December.
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    6. Choi, Tsan-Ming & Wen, Xin & Sun, Xuting & Chung, Sai-Ho, 2019. "The mean-variance approach for global supply chain risk analysis with air logistics in the blockchain technology era," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 178-191.
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    Cited by:

    1. Babaei, Ardavan & Babaee Tirkolaee, Erfan & Ali, Sadia Samar, 2025. "Assessing the viability of blockchain technology in renewable energy supply chains: A consolidation framework," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    2. Erfan Babaee Tirkolaee & Alireza Goli & Hêriş Golpîra & Ernesto D. R. Santibañez Gonzalez, 2023. "Sustainable Global Supply Chain Management from an International Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-2, August.

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