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Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in Relation to Body Mass Index in Primary School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Athos Trecroci

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy)

  • Pietro Luigi Invernizzi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy)

  • Domenico Monacis

    (Department of Humanities, Cultural Heritage, Education Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

  • Dario Colella

    (Department of Humanities, Cultural Heritage, Education Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy)

Abstract

Unhealthy-weight status may represent a precursor of poor actual (AMC) (i.e., process- and product-oriented) and perceived (PMC) motor competence. AMC and PMC represent key elements favoring long-term commitment in sports and day-to-day life physical activity. In fact, the development of AMC and PMC during the primary school years could help to counteract weight-related negative effects (i.e., overweight or obesity) that are responsible for sedentary or unhealthy behavior across the life span. Therefore, this review aimed to provide a synopsis of the current research investigating the relation of AMC and PMC with weight status and in the context of potential gender differences. Systematic research in five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus) was conducted from April 2021 to May 2021 in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they involved obese or overweight youth (6–10 years) with no physical or cognitive impairment and used a longitudinal or a cross-sectional assessment of motor competence and perceived motor competence outcomes. After the selection process and after duplicates were removed, the final sample included 27 studies. Most of the studies reported that AMC and PMC are negatively associated with weight status, with male and females differing from each other in overall and subtest (locomotor, object control, and stability skills) AMC scores. However, according to a risk of bias assessment, the level of evidence linked to the association of AMC (process and product) and PMC with weight status (BMI) remained uncertain and lacking, respectively. Further high-quality studies are warranted to improve the understanding of AMC and PMC in relation to weight status, which appears to be differently expressed by gender in primary school years. Regardless, based on the current quantitative data, the emerging inverse association between AMC/PMC and weight status implies that it would be best to limit sedentary behavior by including daily lessons in physical education to limit unfavorable conditions (i.e., obesity and overweight) during the school years.

Suggested Citation

  • Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Domenico Monacis & Dario Colella, 2021. "Actual and Perceived Motor Competence in Relation to Body Mass Index in Primary School-Aged Children: A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:17:p:9994-:d:630243
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
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    1. Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Domenico Monacis & Dario Colella, 2021. "Physical Illiteracy and Obesity Barrier: How Physical Education Can Overpass Potential Adverse Effects? A Narrative Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Sead Malićević & Sanja Mazić & Stefania Cataldi & Francesco Fischetti & Gianpiero Greco, 2022. "Relationship between Type and Intensity of Sports Activities and the Prevalence of Overweight in Serbian School Children," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-8, June.
    3. Milena Adaros-Boye & Daniel Duclos-Bastías & Frano Giakoni-Ramírez & Luis Espinoza-Oteiza & Carolina Cid-Robles & Jorge Gálvez-Carvajal. & Carlos Matus-Castillo, 2021. "Promoting Sustainable Mobility: Impact of an Urban Biking Programme on University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-9, November.
    4. Annika Fraemke & Nina Ferrari & David Friesen & Fabiola Haas & Marlen Klaudius & Esther Mahabir & Lisa Schmidt & Christine Joisten, 2022. "HOMA Index, Vitamin D Levels, Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Juvenile Obesity: Data from the CHILT III Programme, Cologne," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-10, February.
    5. Domenico Monacis & Athos Trecroci & Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Dario Colella, 2022. "Can Enjoyment and Physical Self-Perception Mediate the Relationship between BMI and Levels of Physical Activity? Preliminary Results from the Regional Observatory of Motor Development in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, October.

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