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Effects of Controlled Drainage on the Content Change and Migration of Moisture, Nutrients, and Salts in Soil and the Yield of Oilseed Sunflower in the Hetao Irrigation District

Author

Listed:
  • Xu Dou

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Haibin Shi

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Ruiping Li

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Qingfeng Miao

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Feng Tian

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Dandan Yu

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Liying Zhou

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

  • Bo Wang

    (College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China)

Abstract

Controlled drainage (CD) is an important agricultural measure for maintaining soil moisture and nutrients, controlling groundwater level, and increasing crop yield. In arid regions, CD can be used to improve the water supply in agriculture and reduce environmental pollution. In this study, we investigated the effects of CD, including drainage depths of 40 cm (CWT1) and 70 cm (CWT2) during the plant growth stages, free drainage (FD), and open-ditch drainage (OD), on the migration of water, nutrients, and salts in the soil, the dynamics of the groundwater level, the loss of soil nitrogen, and the growth of oilseed sunflower plants. Compared with FD, CD increased the water and nutrient content in the soil, reduced nitrogen loss, and enhanced the ability of the soil to continuously supply nitrogen to the oilseed sunflower plants, which benefited plant growth at later growth stages and reduced environmental pollution. During the period between irrigation at the budding stage and the harvest stage, the average soil water content in the 0–20 cm soil layer in CWT1 increased by 3.67%, 4.78%, and 0.55%, respectively, compared with that in CWT2, FD, and OD. The soil mineral content in CWT1 was 25.17%, 35.05%, and 17.78% higher than that in CWT2, FD, and OD, respectively, indicating that higher soil salinity occurred at the later stage of plant growth in CWT1, which actually had little effect on the plants due to their enhanced salt tolerance and increased need for water and nutrients at that stage. In addition, CD delayed the decline in groundwater level, which allowed the plants to use groundwater at later growth stages, and as a result, the yield and water-use efficiency were improved. CWT1 significantly increased oilseed sunflower yield by 4.52–11.14% and increased water-use efficiency by 1.16–10.8%. Moreover, CWT1 also increased the survival rate of the oilseed sunflower plants by 2.62–2.92%, and the plants demonstrated good growth. Therefore, under CD conditions, plants used soil water and nitrogen more efficiently and, as a result, their productivity was increased, and the water quality was improved.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu Dou & Haibin Shi & Ruiping Li & Qingfeng Miao & Feng Tian & Dandan Yu & Liying Zhou & Bo Wang, 2021. "Effects of Controlled Drainage on the Content Change and Migration of Moisture, Nutrients, and Salts in Soil and the Yield of Oilseed Sunflower in the Hetao Irrigation District," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:17:p:9835-:d:627324
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    Cited by:

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    2. Guoshuai Wang & Bing Xu & Pengcheng Tang & Haibin Shi & Delong Tian & Chen Zhang & Jie Ren & Zekun Li, 2022. "Modeling and Evaluating Soil Salt and Water Transport in a Cultivated Land–Wasteland–Lake System of Hetao, Yellow River Basin’s Upper Reaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Yasir Abduljaleel & Ahmed Awad & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Ali Salem & Abdelazim Negm & Mohamed Elsayed Gabr, 2023. "Assessment of Subsurface Drainage Strategies Using DRAINMOD Model for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-19, January.
    4. Dou, Xu & Shi, Haibin & Li, Ruiping & Miao, Qingfeng & Yan, Jianwen & Tian, Feng & Wang, Bo, 2022. "Simulation and evaluation of soil water and salt transport under controlled subsurface drainage using HYDRUS-2D model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    5. Feng Tian & Haibin Shi & Qingfeng Miao & Ruiping Li & Jie Duan & Xu Dou & Weiying Feng, 2023. "Soil Water and Salt Transport in Severe Saline–Alkali Soil after Ditching under Subsurface Pipe Drainage Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-20, November.

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