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Agro-Industrial Symbiosis and Alternative Heating Systems for Decreasing the Global Warming Potential of Greenhouse Production

Author

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  • Miika P. Marttila

    (Department of Sustainability Science, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland)

  • Ville Uusitalo

    (Department of Sustainability Science, LUT University, Mukkulankatu 19, 15210 Lahti, Finland)

  • Lassi Linnanen

    (Department of Sustainability Science, LUT University, Mukkulankatu 19, 15210 Lahti, Finland)

  • Mirja H. Mikkilä

    (Department of Sustainability Science, LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland)

Abstract

Greenhouses require large amounts of energy, which is the dominant factor making greenhouses more emission intensive than open-field cultivation. Alternative heating systems, such as combined heat and power (CHP), biogas, and industrial waste heat, are continuously being researched for reducing the environmental impacts of greenhouses. This paper assesses utilizing industrial waste heat and CO 2 enrichment in greenhouses as an example to propose “agro-industrial symbiosis” (AIS), to refer to a symbiotic co-operation between agricultural and industrial partners. The global warming potentials (GWPs) of greenhouse production using different heating systems are inadequately compared in the literature, which is the research gap addressed herein. Additionally, potential emission reductions of greenhouse production with industrial waste heat are yet to be assessed via lifecycle assessment (LCA). A comparative LCA of Finnish greenhouse tomato and cucumber production using various heating systems was conducted. Naturally, replacing fossil fuels with bioenergy and renewables significantly decreases the GWP. CHP systems result in decreased GWP only when using biogas as the energy source. Additionally, utilizing industrial waste heat and CO 2 resulted in a low GWP. These results are applicable worldwide to guide political decision-making and clean energy production in the horticultural sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Miika P. Marttila & Ville Uusitalo & Lassi Linnanen & Mirja H. Mikkilä, 2021. "Agro-Industrial Symbiosis and Alternative Heating Systems for Decreasing the Global Warming Potential of Greenhouse Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:9040-:d:613229
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Min Gyung Yu & Yujin Nam, 2016. "Feasibility Assessment of Using Power Plant Waste Heat in Large Scale Horticulture Facility Energy Supply Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-16, February.
    2. R. Andrews & J.M. Pearce, 2011. "Environmental and Economic Assessment of a Greenhouse Waste Heat Exchange," Post-Print hal-02120486, HAL.
    3. Pluimers, J. C. & Kroeze, C. & Bakker, E. J. & Challa, H. & Hordijk, L., 2000. "Quantifying the environmental impact of production in agriculture and horticulture in The Netherlands: which emissions do we need to consider?," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 66(3), pages 167-189, December.
    4. Israel Torres Pineda & Jeong Hwa Cho & Dongkeun Lee & Sang Min Lee & Sangseok Yu & Young Duk Lee, 2020. "Environmental Impact of Fresh Tomato Production in an Urban Rooftop Greenhouse in a Humid Continental Climate in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-13, October.
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