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The Relevance of Grated Inlets within Surface Drainage Systems in the Field of Urban Flood Resilience. A Review of Several Experimental and Numerical Simulation Approaches

Author

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  • Beniamino Russo

    (Group of Hydraulics and Environmental Engineering (GIHA), Technical College of La Almunia (EUPLA), University of Zaragoza, La Almunia de Doña Godina, 50100 Zaragoza, Spain
    FLUMEN Research Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DECA), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC)—BarcelonaTECH, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
    AQUATEC (SUEZ Group), Zona Franca Avenue, 46-48, 08038 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Manuel Gómez Valentín

    (FLUMEN Research Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DECA), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC)—BarcelonaTECH, 08034 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Jackson Tellez-Álvarez

    (FLUMEN Research Institute, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DECA), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC)—BarcelonaTECH, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
    Consorci Besòs Tordera/CCB Serveis Mediambientals, SAU, 08403 Granollers, Spain)

Abstract

Urban drainage networks should be designed and operated preferably under open channel flow conditions without flux return, backwater, or overflows. In the case of extreme storm events, urban pluvial flooding is generated by the excess of surface runoff that could not be conveyed by pressurized sewer pipes, due to its limited capacity or, many times, due to the poor efficiency of surface drainage systems to collect uncontrolled overland flow. Generally, the hydraulic design of sewer systems is addressed more for underground networks, neglecting the surface drainage system, although inadequate inlet spacings and locations can cause dangerous flooding with relevant socio-economic impacts and the interruption of critical services and urban activities. Several experimental and numerical studies carried out at the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) and other research institutions demonstrated that the hydraulic efficiency of inlets can be very low under critical conditions (e.g., high circulating overland flow on steep areas). In these cases, the hydraulic efficiency of conventional grated inlets and continuous transverse elements can be around 10–20%. Their hydraulic capacity, expressed in terms of discharge coefficients, shows the same criticism with values quite far from those that are usually used in several project practice phases. The grate clogging phenomenon and more intense storm events produced by climate change could further reduce the inlets’ performance. In this context, in order to improve the flood urban resilience of our cities, the relevance of the hydraulic behavior of surface drainage systems is clear.

Suggested Citation

  • Beniamino Russo & Manuel Gómez Valentín & Jackson Tellez-Álvarez, 2021. "The Relevance of Grated Inlets within Surface Drainage Systems in the Field of Urban Flood Resilience. A Review of Several Experimental and Numerical Simulation Approaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-13, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:13:p:7189-:d:582905
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Manuel Gómez & Beniamino Russo, 2016. "Experimental study of the stability of pedestrians exposed to urban pluvial flooding," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(2), pages 1259-1278, June.
    2. Paula Beceiro & Rita Salgado Brito & Ana Galvão, 2020. "The Contribution of NBS to Urban Resilience in Stormwater Management and Control: A Framework with Stakeholder Validation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-15, March.
    3. María Guerrero-Hidalga & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Barry Evans & James Webber & Montserrat Termes-Rifé & Beniamino Russo & Luca Locatelli, 2020. "Methodology to Prioritize Climate Adaptation Measures in Urban Areas. Barcelona and Bristol Case Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-25, June.
    4. B. Russo & M. Gómez & F. Macchione, 2013. "Pedestrian hazard criteria for flooded urban areas," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 69(1), pages 251-265, October.
    5. Beniamino Russo & Marc Velasco & Luca Locatelli & David Sunyer & Daniel Yubero & Robert Monjo & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & Edwar Forero-Ortiz & Daniel Sánchez-Muñoz & Barry Evans & Andoni Gonzalez Góm, 2020. "Assessment of Urban Flood Resilience in Barcelona for Current and Future Scenarios. The RESCCUE Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-25, July.
    6. Luca Locatelli & Maria Guerrero & Beniamino Russo & Eduardo Martínez-Gomariz & David Sunyer & Montse Martínez, 2020. "Socio-Economic Assessment of Green Infrastructure for Climate Change Adaptation in the Context of Urban Drainage Planning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Meiyan Gao & Zongmin Wang & Haibo Yang, 2022. "Review of Urban Flood Resilience: Insights from Scientometric and Systematic Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. João Barreiro & Flávio Santos & Filipa Ferreira & Ramiro Neves & José S. Matos, 2022. "Development of a 1D/2D Urban Flood Model Using the Open-Source Models SWMM and MOHID Land," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.

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