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Dry Bean [ Phaseolus vulgaris L.] Growth and Yield Response to Variable Irrigation in the Arid to Semi-Arid Climate

Author

Listed:
  • Abhijit Rai

    (Northern Ag Research Center, Montana State University, 3710 Assinniboine Road, Havre, MT 59501-8412, USA)

  • Vivek Sharma

    (Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA)

  • Jim Heitholt

    (Department of Plant Sciences, Powell Research and Extension Center, University of Wyoming, 747 Road 9, Powell, WY 82435, USA)

Abstract

Understanding the crop growth and yield response to variable irrigation and the relationship between crop eco-physiological and morphological parameters is critical for identifying a balanced irrigation management strategy and developing decision support systems for early detection and information for on-ground decisions. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of variable irrigation treatments on dry bean [ Phaseolus vulgaris L.] growth traits (plant height, leaf area index, normalized difference vegetation index), seed yield (SY), and yield components (pods plant −1 , seeds pod −1 , 100-seed weight (SW), and pod harvest index (PHI)) and to develop empirical models between dry bean growth and environmental conditions, SY, and yield components. Five irrigation treatments i.e., FIT (full irrigation treatment), 125% FIT, 75% FIT, 50% FIT, and 25% FIT were investigated. Water deficit at the beginning of the crop growth [vegetative growth (V1-V2) stage], dramatically reduced dry bean growth and development and resulted in a significant reduction in SY. However, the degree to which vegetative growth and SY was reduced depends on the weather conditions. Reducing irrigation by 25% below FIT resulted in an average reduction of 30% in SY. This reduction in SY was significantly correlated with a decline in pods plant −1 and SW. Moreover, the empirical models between growth traits and growing degree days (GDD) have a strong correlation, while growth traits and SY and yield components are moderately correlated. The data and empirical models presented in this research provide valuable information in predicting and estimating dry bean SY in-season and allow for corrective management decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Abhijit Rai & Vivek Sharma & Jim Heitholt, 2020. "Dry Bean [ Phaseolus vulgaris L.] Growth and Yield Response to Variable Irrigation in the Arid to Semi-Arid Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-25, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3851-:d:355523
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    References listed on IDEAS

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