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Is Built Environment Associated with Travel Mode Choice in Developing Cities? Evidence from Hanoi

Author

Listed:
  • Thi Mai Chi Nguyen

    (Department of Urban Infrastructure Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, National University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Hironori Kato

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan)

  • Le Binh Phan

    (Master’s Program in Infrastructure Engineering, Vietnam Japan University, Hanoi 129000, Vietnam)

Abstract

This paper examines the association between the built environment (BE) and travel behavior in Hanoi, Vietnam. A multinomial logit model is used to analyze individuals’ choice of travel mode from a dataset collected via a questionnaire-based household travel survey in 2016 and the geospatial data of BE variables; the dataset contains 762 responses from local residents in ten districts of the Hanoi Metropolitan Area about their daily travel episodes. It also examines a spatial aggregation effect by comparing model performances among four buffering distances and ward-zones. The results showed that (1) a higher population density around an individual’s home is associated with more bus use and less motorbike and car use; (2) mixed land use around the home, average tax revenue near the home, and bus frequency at the workplace have positive relationships with bus ridership; (3) senior people, students, or unskilled laborers tend to use the bus; (4) the spatial aggregation bias significantly affects the estimation results; and (5) new immigrants tend to choose to reside in areas designed for automobile users. Finally, there are several policy implications for transit-oriented development (TOD) in Hanoi, including: (1) parking regulations and/or control strategies should be jointly incorporated into the Hanoi’s TOD policy; (2) Hanoi’s TOD policy should be carefully designed in terms of its scope of development site and type; and (3) a polycentric structure strategy only may not be sufficient for increasing public transit ridership.

Suggested Citation

  • Thi Mai Chi Nguyen & Hironori Kato & Le Binh Phan, 2020. "Is Built Environment Associated with Travel Mode Choice in Developing Cities? Evidence from Hanoi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:14:p:5773-:d:386086
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhao, Chuyun & Tang, Jinjun & Kong, Xiangxin & Yu, Tianjian & Li, Zhitao, 2024. "Emission analysis of multi-mode public transportation based on joint choice model considering built environment factors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    2. Hui Zhang & Li Zhang & Yanjun Liu & Lele Zhang, 2023. "Understanding Travel Mode Choice Behavior: Influencing Factors Analysis and Prediction with Machine Learning Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-20, July.
    3. Fang, Jia & Yan, Xiang & Bejleri, Ilir & Chen, Changjie, 2022. "Which trip destination matters? Estimating the influence of the built environment on mode choice for home-based complex tours," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    4. Wonchul Kim, 2025. "Impact of Accessibility to Educational Facilities on Commuters’ Transportation Choices: Married Females and School-Age Children," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-14, April.
    5. Ashik, F.R. & Sreezon, A.I.Z. & Rahman, M.H. & Zafri, N.M. & Labib, S.M., 2024. "Built environment influences commute mode choice in a global south megacity context: Insights from explainable machine learning approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    6. Putri, Devina Widya & Lee, Sugie, 2025. "Urban environmental factors influencing commuter line ridership in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area, Indonesia," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    7. Nguyen, Minh Hieu & Pojani, Dorina & Nguyen, Thanh Chuong & Ha, Thanh Tung, 2021. "The impact of Covid-19 on children's active travel to school in Vietnam," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).

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