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Evaluating the Effects of Human Activity over the Last Decades on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool Using Satellite Imagery and GIS Techniques in the Nile Delta Area, Egypt

Author

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  • Elsayed Said Mohamed

    (National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo 1564, Egypt)

  • Mohamed Abu-hashim

    (Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt)

  • Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman

    (National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo 1564, Egypt)

  • Brigitta Schütt

    (Institute of Geographic Sciences, 12249 Berlin, Germany)

  • Rosa Lasaponara

    (Italian National Research Council, C.da Santa Loja, Tito Scalo, 85050 Potenza, Italy)

Abstract

The study aims to clarify the relationship between soil organic carbon (SOC) and human activity under arid conditions, in the east area of the Nile Delta, Egypt. SOC is one of the critical factors in food production and plays an important role in the climate change because it affects the physio-chemical soil characteristics, plant growth, and contributes to sustainable development on global levels. For the purpose of our investigations, 120 soil samples (0–30 cm) were collected throughout different land uses and soil types of the study area. Multiple linear regressions (MLR) were used to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship of SOC, soil characteristics, and environmental factors. Remote sensing data acquired from Landsat 5 TM in July 1995 and operational land imager (OLI) in July 2018 were used to model SOC pool. The results revealed significant variations of soil organic carbon pool (SOCP) among different soil textures and land-uses. Soil with high clay content revealed an increase in the percentage of soil organic carbon, and had mean SOCP of 6.08 ± 1.91 Mg C ha −1 , followed by clay loams and loamy soils. The higher values of SOCP were observed in the northern regions of the study area. The phenomenon is associated with the expansion of the human activity of initiating fish ponds that reflected higher values of SOC that were related to the organic additions used as nutrients for fish. Nevertheless, the SOC values decreased in southeast of the study area with the decrease of soil moisture contents and the increase in the heavy texture profiles. As a whole, our findings pointed out that the human factor has had a significant impact on the variation of soil organic carbon values in the Eastern Nile Delta from 1995 to 2018. As land use changes from agricultural activity to fish ponds, the SOCP significantly increased. The agriculture land-use revealed higher SOCP with 60.77 Mg C ha −1 in clay soils followed by fish ponds with 53.43 Mg C ha −1 . The results also showed a decrease in SOCP values due to an increasing in land surface temperature (LST) thus highlighting that influence of temperature and ambient soil conditions linked to land-use changes have a marked impact on surface SOCP and C sequestration.

Suggested Citation

  • Elsayed Said Mohamed & Mohamed Abu-hashim & Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman & Brigitta Schütt & Rosa Lasaponara, 2019. "Evaluating the Effects of Human Activity over the Last Decades on the Soil Organic Carbon Pool Using Satellite Imagery and GIS Techniques in the Nile Delta Area, Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:9:p:2644-:d:229385
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rosa Lasaponara & Beniamino Murgante & Abdelaziz Elfadaly & Mohamad Molaei Qelichi & Saeed Zanganeh Shahraki & Osama Wafa & Wael Attia, 2017. "Spatial Open Data for Monitoring Risks and Preserving Archaeological Areas and Landscape: Case Studies at Kom el Shoqafa, Egypt and Shush, Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-25, April.
    2. Barry Smit & Mark Skinner, 2002. "Adaptation options in agriculture to climate change: a typology," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 85-114, March.
    3. Jason C. Neff & Alan R. Townsend & Gerd Gleixner & Scott J. Lehman & Jocelyn Turnbull & William D. Bowman, 2002. "Variable effects of nitrogen additions on the stability and turnover of soil carbon," Nature, Nature, vol. 419(6910), pages 915-917, October.
    4. Kelsee Bratley & Eman Ghoneim, 2018. "Modeling Urban Encroachment on the Agricultural Land of the Eastern Nile Delta Using Remote Sensing and a GIS-Based Markov Chain Model," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-21, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Manal Alnaimy & Martina Zelenakova & Zuzana Vranayova & Mohamed Abu-Hashim, 2020. "Effects of Temporal Variation in Long-Term Cultivation on Organic Carbon Sequestration in Calcareous Soils: Nile Delta, Egypt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-13, June.

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