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Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program

Author

Listed:
  • Garden Tabacchi

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy)

  • Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Calle Argentina, 19, 30720 Murcia, Spain)

  • Fatma Nese Sahin

    (Department of Sport and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Golbasi Yerleskesi Spor Bilimleri Fakultesi, 06830 Ankara, Turkey)

  • Meltem Kizilyalli

    (Department of Sport and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Golbasi Yerleskesi Spor Bilimleri Fakultesi, 06830 Ankara, Turkey)

  • Rosario Genchi

    (Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy)

  • Michele Basile

    (Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy)

  • Musa Kirkar

    (Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy)

  • Carlos Silva

    (Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal)

  • Nuno Loureiro

    (Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal)

  • Eduardo Teixeira

    (Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (CIEQV - IPSantarem), Av. Dr. Mario Soares, 20413 RIO Maior, Portugal)

  • Yolanda Demetriou

    (Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Uptown Munich Campus D, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992 Munich, Germany)

  • David Joseph Sturm

    (Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Uptown Munich Campus D, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992 Munich, Germany)

  • Simona Pajaujene

    (Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Ilona J. Zuoziene

    (Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto 6, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania)

  • Manuel Gómez-López

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Murcia, Calle Argentina, 19, 30720 Murcia, Spain)

  • Ante Rada

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia)

  • Jelena Pausic

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia)

  • Nemanja Lakicevic

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Luca Petrigna

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Kaltrina Feka

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Ana Ribeiro

    (Escola Profissional de Aveiro, Rua Dr. Francisco Ferreira Neves. Apartado 567, Barrocas, 3800-510 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Marianna Alesi

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy)

  • Antonino Bianco

    (Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy
    Palermo University Sport Center (CUS Palermo), Via Altofonte, 80, 90129 Palermo, Italy)

Abstract

High levels of physical fitness (PF) can positively affect both health and cognitive function, thus monitoring its levels in youth can help increase health and quality of life in adult populations later on. This systematic review aims to identify PF field-based tests used in young European populations practicing sport to find tools that are adequate for the considered target involving a new battery within the Enriched Sport Activities (ESA) project. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was followed. In the 83 identified articles, the main tests used were: vertical/horizontal jumps (for muscular strength/power); push-ups, running at maximum effort, sit-ups (for muscular strength/endurance); multistage non-intermittent and intermittent tests (for aerobic endurance); sit and reach (for flexibility); sprinting and agility T -tests (for speed and agility, respectively); 10 × 5 m shuttle run (SR) (for both speed and agility). Few studies assessed coordination, reaction time, power, and balance. Although the selected tests are widely used and validated, they do not determine all PF aspects and do not reflect sport-specific features. A final decision was made for the inclusion of the following tests: standing broad jump, seated medicine ball throw, 20 m SR test, 30 m sprint, Illinois test, and a new test, i.e., the crunning test, to assess different skill-related components at once. The use of this combination of tests allows for the assessment of all PF components and can help planning effective training programs and cultivate sporting talent.

Suggested Citation

  • Garden Tabacchi & Guillermo F. Lopez Sanchez & Fatma Nese Sahin & Meltem Kizilyalli & Rosario Genchi & Michele Basile & Musa Kirkar & Carlos Silva & Nuno Loureiro & Eduardo Teixeira & Yolanda Demetrio, 2019. "Field-Based Tests for the Assessment of Physical Fitness in Children and Adolescents Practicing Sport: A Systematic Review within the ESA Program," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-21, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:24:p:7187-:d:298260
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    2. Katrijn Opstoel & Johan Pion & Marije Elferink-Gemser & Esther Hartman & Bas Willemse & Renaat Philippaerts & Chris Visscher & Matthieu Lenoir, 2015. "Anthropometric Characteristics, Physical Fitness and Motor Coordination of 9 to 11 Year Old Children Participating in a Wide Range of Sports," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(5), pages 1-16, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Luis Vaz & Wilbur Kraak & Marco Batista & Samuel Honório & Hélder Miguel Fernandes, 2021. "Using Anthropometric Data and Physical Fitness Scores to Predict Selection in a National U19 Rugby Union Team," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-8, February.
    2. Katarzyna Ługowska & Wojciech Kolanowski & Joanna Trafialek, 2020. "Eating Behaviour and Physical Fitness in 10-Year-Old Children Attending General Education and Sports Classes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-16, September.
    3. José Rodrigues & Carla Chicau Borrego & Paula Ruivo & Pedro Sobreiro & David Catela & José Amendoeira & Rui Matos, 2020. "Conceptual Framework for the Research on Quality of Life," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-16, June.
    4. José M. Oliva-Lozano & José M. Muyor, 2020. "Core Muscle Activity during Physical Fitness Exercises: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-42, June.
    5. Garden Tabacchi & Luca Petrigna & Giuseppe Battaglia & Giovanni Navarra & Antonio Palma & Marianna Bellafiore, 2021. "An Interaction Path of Mothers’ and Preschoolers’ Food- and Physical Activity-Related Aspects in Disadvantaged Sicilian Urban Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-13, March.
    6. Olha Podrihalo & Svetlana Savina & Leonid Podrigalo & Sergii Iermakov & Władysław Jagiełło & Łukasz Rydzik & Wiesław Błach, 2020. "Influence of Health Related Fitness on the Morphofunctional Condition of Second Mature Aged Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-9, November.
    7. Moisés Marquina Nieto & Jesús Rivilla-García & Alfonso de la Rubia & Jorge Lorenzo-Calvo, 2022. "Assessment of the Speed and Power of Push-Ups Performed on Surfaces with Different Degrees of Instability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, October.

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