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Algal Remediation of Wastewater Produced from Hydrothermally Treated Septage

Author

Listed:
  • Kyle McGaughy

    (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA)

  • Ahmad Abu Hajer

    (Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA)

  • Edward Drabold

    (Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
    Honors Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA)

  • David Bayless

    (Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA)

  • M. Toufiq Reza

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA)

Abstract

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology to convert wet wastes like septic tank wastes, or septage, to valuable platform chemical, fuels, and materials. However, the byproduct of HTC, process liquid, often contains large amount of nitrogen species (up to 2 g/L of nitrogen), phosphorus, and a variety of organic carbon containing compounds. Therefore, the HTC process liquid is not often treated at wastewater treatment plant. In this study, HTC process liquid was treated with algae as an alternative to commercial wastewater treatment. The HTC process liquid was first diluted and then used to grow Chlorella sp. over a short period of time (15 days). It was found that the algae biomass concentration increased by 644 mg/L over the course of 10 days, and which subsequently removed a majority of the nutrients in the HTC process liquid. Around 600 mg/L of algal biomass was collected in the process liquid at the end of treatment (day 15). Meanwhile, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous, total Kheldjal nitrogen, and ammonia were reduced by 70.0, 77.7, 82.2, and 99.0% by fifteen days compared to the untreated wastewater, respectively. This study demonstrates that HTC process liquid can be treated by growing algae creating a potential replacement for expensive synthetic nutrient feeds for algal production.

Suggested Citation

  • Kyle McGaughy & Ahmad Abu Hajer & Edward Drabold & David Bayless & M. Toufiq Reza, 2019. "Algal Remediation of Wastewater Produced from Hydrothermally Treated Septage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-8, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:12:p:3454-:d:242386
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abinandan, S. & Shanthakumar, S., 2015. "Challenges and opportunities in application of microalgae (Chlorophyta) for wastewater treatment: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 123-132.
    2. Li, Wei & Guo, Jianbin & Cheng, Huicai & Wang, Wei & Dong, Renjie, 2017. "Two-phase anaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes enhanced by hydrothermal pretreatment: Viability, performance and microbial community evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 613-622.
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