IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsoctx/v14y2024i7p110-d1427977.html

Effects of Work–Family Conflict and Facilitation Profiles on Work Engagement

Author

Listed:
  • Carla Carvalho

    (Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Lisete Mónico

    (Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Ana Pinto

    (CeBER—Centre for Business and Economics Research, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Soraia Oliveira

    (Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal
    Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, Largo da Cruz de Celas nº 1, 3000-132 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Eduardo Leite

    (School of Technologies and Management, University of Madeira, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal
    OSEAN—Outermost Regions Sustainable Ecosystem for Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 9000-082 Funchal, Portugal
    Centre for Commercial Law, School of Law, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK)

Abstract

Achieving the balance between work and family life needs a holistic viewpoint on how these two aspects interact. It poses a significant challenge due to its impact on individuals, organizations, and society. Research suggests that employees engaged in both spheres tend to exhibit more favorable work attitudes, and experience improved health and wellbeing. In this study, we examined the interplay between work–family dynamics and work engagement among 654 university professors in Portugal. Using several statistical methods, including confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and multivariate analysis, we identified distinct conflict and facilitation patterns within work–family relationships. Our findings revealed four clusters representing different conflict-facilitation profiles: those characterized by either work → family facilitation or conflict, and, similarly, family → work facilitation or conflict. Notably, we observed a significant association between work engagement and work–family facilitation, particularly evident in dimensions such as vigor and dedication. Absorption showed fewer significant effects than the other dimensions. We discuss these results, suggesting interventions within the university professors’ careers, as well as further research directions.

Suggested Citation

  • Carla Carvalho & Lisete Mónico & Ana Pinto & Soraia Oliveira & Eduardo Leite, 2024. "Effects of Work–Family Conflict and Facilitation Profiles on Work Engagement," Societies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsoctx:v:14:y:2024:i:7:p:110-:d:1427977
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4698/14/7/110/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4698/14/7/110/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz & Ana Sanz-Vergel & Evangelia Demerouti & Arnold Bakker, 2014. "Engaged at Work and Happy at Home: A Spillover–Crossover Model," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 271-283, April.
    2. Irena Burić & Ivana Macuka, 2018. "Self-Efficacy, Emotions and Work Engagement Among Teachers: A Two Wave Cross-Lagged Analysis," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(7), pages 1917-1933, October.
    3. Shirley Dex & Sue Bond, 2005. "Measuring work-life balance and its covariates," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 19(3), pages 627-637, September.
    4. Ana Pimenta & Delfina Ramos & Gilberto Santos & Matilde A. Rodrigues & Manuel Doiro, 2023. "Psychosocial Risks in Teachers from Portugal and England on the Way to Society 5.0," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Anne-Marie Aish & Karl Jöreskog, 1990. "A panel model for political efficacy and responsiveness: an application of LISREL 7 with weighted least squares," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 405-426, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hongyuan Zhang & Chang Liu & Shuming Zhao, 2025. "The Effect of Work–Family Facilitation on Employee Proactive Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-20, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhijun Pei & Yingchun Pan & Martin Skitmore, 2018. "Political Efficacy, Social Network and Involvement in Public Deliberation in Rural China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 139(2), pages 453-471, September.
    2. Turker Tugsal, 2017. "Work-Life Balance and Social Support as Predictors of Burnout: An Exploratory Analysis," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 7(3), pages 117-138, March.
    3. Agnes Santha, 2019. "Work-Family Balance in the Active Age Ethnic Hungarian Population in Romania," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Yonghong Cai & Li Wang & Yan Bi & Runjia Tang, 2022. "How Can the Professional Community Influence Teachers’ Work Engagement? The Mediating Role of Teacher Self-Efficacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-16, August.
    5. Jackie Ford & David Collinson, 2011. "In search of the perfect manager? Work-life balance and managerial work," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 25(2), pages 257-273, June.
    6. He Lu Calvin Ong & Senthu Jeyaraj, 2014. "Work–Life Interventions," SAGE Open, , vol. 4(3), pages 21582440145, July.
    7. Sara Erreygers & Heidi Vandebosch & Ivana Vranjes & Elfi Baillien & Hans Witte, 2019. "Feel Good, Do Good Online? Spillover and Crossover Effects of Happiness on Adolescents’ Online Prosocial Behavior," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 1241-1258, April.
    8. Arieana Thompson & Valentina Bruk-Lee, 2021. "Employee Happiness: Why We Should Care," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 16(4), pages 1419-1437, August.
    9. Jose Aurelio Medina-Garrido & Jose Maria Biedma-Ferrer & Maria Bogren, 2023. "Organizational support for work-family life balance as an antecedent to the well-being of tourism employees in Spain," Papers 2311.14009, arXiv.org.
    10. Xifeng Lu & Haijing Yu & Biaoan Shan, 2022. "Relationship between Employee Mental Health and Job Performance: Mediation Role of Innovative Behavior and Work Engagement," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-12, May.
    11. Angel Deroncele-Acosta & Roger Pedro Norabuena-Figueroa & Rosendo López Mustelier & Eldis Román-Cao & Pedro Sotomayor-Soloaga, 2025. "Employee Well-Being Scale for Teachers in Latin America (EWBTS-LATAM)," SAGE Open, , vol. 15(3), pages 21582440251, September.
    12. Richard Marcel I. & T. J. Kamalanabhan, 2025. "Leading with Compassion: An Inquiry into Compassionate Leadership of School Principals that Impact Teacher Attitudes and Job Performance," Management and Labour Studies, XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources, vol. 50(2), pages 257-288, May.
    13. Žabkar, Vesna & Brenčič, Maja Makovec & Dmitrović, Tanja, 2010. "Modelling perceived quality, visitor satisfaction and behavioural intentions at the destination level," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 537-546.
    14. Dr. Najia Shaikh & Prof. Dr. Javed Ahmed Chandio, 2024. "Work-Life Balance Policies and Organizational Outcomes: A Qualitative Investigation," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 13(1), pages 475-481.
    15. Pavithra Sampath & Rupashree Baral, 2017. "Crossover of Work–Family Experiences from Supervisors to Subordinates: A Position Paper," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 6(2), pages 148-158, July.
    16. Rui Xu & Xun Jia, 2022. "An Investigation Into Chinese EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Stress as Predictors of Engagement and Emotional Exhaustion," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, April.
    17. Krista Lynn Minnotte & Michael C. Minnotte & Krista Thompson, 2016. "The Life Satisfaction of Dual-Earner Mothers and Fathers: Does Flexible Scheduling Matter?," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 17(6), pages 2365-2388, December.
    18. Edmund S. S. Chan & Sammy K. Ho & Flora F. L. Ip & Marina W. Y. Wong, 2020. "Self-Efficacy, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction Among Teaching Assistants in Hong Kong’s Inclusive Education," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(3), pages 21582440209, July.
    19. Caterina Fiorilli & Ilaria Buonomo & Luciano Romano & Ylenia Passiatore & Domenica Fioredistella Iezzi & Paolo Emilio Santoro & Paula Benevene & Alessandro Pepe, 2020. "Teacher Confidence in Professional Training: The Predictive Roles of Engagement and Burnout," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-13, August.
    20. Ana Isabel Polo Peña & Dolores María Frías Jamilena & Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Molina, 2017. "The effects of perceived value on loyalty: the moderating effect of market orientation adoption," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 11(1), pages 93-116, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsoctx:v:14:y:2024:i:7:p:110-:d:1427977. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask MDPI Indexing Manager to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.