Resilience Measurement of Bus–Subway Network Based on Generalized Cost

Buses and subways are crucial modes of transportation for residents, yet frequent disturbances pose serious challenges to their daily commutes. To tackle these disruptions and boost the stability of the transportation network, it is vital to accurately measure the resilience of a bus–subway composite network under such events. Therefore, this study utilizes the generalized cost between stations as weights with which to construct a bus–subway weighted composite network. Subsequently, three indicators, namely reachability, path importance, and weighted coreness, are proposed to evaluate the significance of the nodes, thereby combining the improved CRITIC-TOPSIS method to identify the critical nodes. Then, deliberate attacks and preferential restorations are conducted on the nodes, considering their importance and the critical nodes sequences, respectively. Finally, network resilience changes are characterized by the network connectivity coefficient and global accessibility, and the network resilience is compared under different attack and recovery strategies. The research results indicate that resilience is lowest when using reachability sequences to attack and recover the network. The network’s recovery is most significant when using the critical nodes sequences. When 70% of the nodes are restored, the network’s performance is essentially fully recovered. Additionally, the resilience of a bus–subway network is higher than that of a single bus network. This study applies the generalized cost to weight the transportation network, and considers the impact of multiple factors on the ease of connectivity between the nodes, which facilitates the accurate measurement of the resilience of a bus–subway network and enhances the ability to cope with disruptions.