IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v11y2023i3p780-d1056908.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Simulating the Effects of Gate Machines on Crowd Traffic Based on the Modified Social Force Model

Author

Listed:
  • Xue Lin

    (College of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 260061, China)

  • Long Cheng

    (School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei Univeristy of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China)

  • Shuo Zhang

    (School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei Univeristy of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China)

  • Qianling Wang

    (School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei Univeristy of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China)

Abstract

Gate machines, such as ticket gates in stations and secure gates in office buildings, are very common in people’s daily lives. On the one hand, the passage between the gates is not wide enough for pedestrians to pass through, which may affect the traffic efficiency of the crowd; on the other hand, the gates make pedestrians move more orderly and smooth and may speed up evacuation. Whether the gates benefit or hinder the movement and evacuation of a crowd is not clear for now. This paper studies the effects of gate machines on crowd traffic based on simulations using the modified social force model. Three simulation scenarios are considered, including the absence of any gate machines, the presence of gate machines without invisible walls, and the presence of gate machines with invisible walls. Normal and evacuation situations are distinguished by whether or not a pedestrian pauses for a while in front of the gates. The influences of factors such as the number of passages, exit width, and the number of pedestrians on crowd traffic are analyzed. Simulation results show that for different exit widths, there is a corresponding optimal number of passages to make the evacuation efficiency of the crowd the highest. The conclusions of this paper can provide some suggestions for the setting of the gate machines and the development of evacuation strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Xue Lin & Long Cheng & Shuo Zhang & Qianling Wang, 2023. "Simulating the Effects of Gate Machines on Crowd Traffic Based on the Modified Social Force Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:780-:d:1056908
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/3/780/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/3/780/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yongxing Li & David Z.W. Wang & Yanyan Chen & Chengcheng Song & Hongfei Jia & Yu Lin, 2019. "Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of ticket gate machine in rail transit station," International Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 30(04), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Petr Kubera & Jiří Felcman, 2021. "On the Verification of the Pedestrian Evacuation Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(13), pages 1-23, June.
    3. Dirk Helbing & Illés Farkas & Tamás Vicsek, 2000. "Simulating dynamical features of escape panic," Nature, Nature, vol. 407(6803), pages 487-490, September.
    4. Fu, Libi & Shi, Qingxin & Qin, Huigui & Zhang, Ying & Shi, Yongqian, 2022. "Analysis of movement behavior of pedestrian social groups through a bottleneck," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 608(P1).
    5. Yongxing Li & David Z.W. Wang & Yanyan Chen & Chengcheng Song & Hongfei Jia & Yu Lin, 2019. "Pedestrian choice behavior analysis and simulation of ticket gate machine in rail transit station," Surface Review and Letters (SRL), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 30(04), pages 1-18, April.
    6. Kai Yu & Nannan Qu & Jifeng Lu & Lujie Zhou, 2022. "Determining Subway Emergency Evacuation Efficiency Using Hybrid System Dynamics and Multiple Agents," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(19), pages 1-18, October.
    7. Lei, Wenjun & Li, Angui & Gao, Ran & Hao, Xinpeng & Deng, Baoshun, 2012. "Simulation of pedestrian crowds’ evacuation in a huge transit terminal subway station," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(22), pages 5355-5365.
    8. Zahra Shah Hosseini & Awatef Abidi & Sajad Mohammadi & Seyed Abdollah Mansouri Mehryan & Christopher Hulme, 2021. "A Fully Resolved Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Boundary Layer Flow of an Aqueous Nanoliquid Comprising Gyrotactic Microorganisms over a Stretching Sheet: The Validity of Conventional Simil," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-18, October.
    9. Yang, Xiaoxia & Zhang, Rui & Pan, Fuquan & Yang, Yi & Li, Yongxing & Yang, Xiaoli, 2022. "Stochastic user equilibrium path planning for crowd evacuation at subway station based on social force model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 594(C).
    10. Xie, Chuan-Zhi & Tang, Tie-Qiao & Hu, Peng-Cheng & Chen, Liang, 2022. "Observation and cellular-automaton based modeling of pedestrian behavior on an escalator," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 605(C).
    11. Li, Tao & Shi, Dongdong & Chen, Juan & Li, Huiwen & Ma, Jian, 2022. "Experimental study of movement characteristics for different walking postures in a narrow channel," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 608(P2).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ma, Liang & Chen, Bin & Wang, Xiaodong & Zhu, Zhengqiu & Wang, Rongxiao & Qiu, Xiaogang, 2019. "The analysis on the desired speed in social force model using a data driven approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 894-911.
    2. Heng Wang & Tiandong Xu & Feng Li, 2021. "A Novel Emergency Evacuation Model of Subway Station Passengers Considering Personality Traits," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
    3. Shang, Hua-Yan & Huang, Hai-Jun & Zhang, Yi-Ming, 2015. "An extended mobile lattice gas model allowing pedestrian step size variable," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 424(C), pages 283-293.
    4. Fu, Libi & Zhang, Ying & Qin, Huigui & Shi, Qingxin & Chen, Qiyi & Chen, Yunqian & Shi, Yongqian, 2023. "A modified social force model for studying nonlinear dynamics of pedestrian-e-bike mixed flow at a signalized crosswalk," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    5. Jiang, Yan-Qun & Zhou, Shu-Guang & Duan, Ya-Li & Huang, Xiao-Qian, 2023. "A viscous continuum model with smoke effect for pedestrian evacuation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 621(C).
    6. Tian, Jiangtao & Li, Xingli & Guo, Qinghua & Kuang, Hua, 2024. "Dynamics characteristic of pedestrians’ particular overtaking behavior based on an improved social force model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 643(C).
    7. Sun, Jiangtao & Lu, Zhaijun & Zhou, Dan, 2024. "Optimization analysis of evacuation facility parameters in interval tunnels under subway train fire accidents," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 651(C).
    8. Fu, Libi & Chen, Yunqian & Qin, Huigui & Chen, Qiyi & He, Yangjian & Shi, Yongqian, 2023. "Dynamics of merging flow involving luggage-laden pedestrians in a Y-shaped corridor: An experimental study," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 628(C).
    9. Zeyang Cheng & Jian Lu & Yi Zhao, 2020. "Pedestrian Evacuation Risk Assessment of Subway Station under Large-Scale Sport Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-15, May.
    10. Murilo S Baptista & Hai-Peng Ren & Johen C M Swarts & Rodrigo Carareto & Henk Nijmeijer & Celso Grebogi, 2012. "Collective Almost Synchronisation in Complex Networks," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(11), pages 1-11, November.
    11. Chen, Changkun & Sun, Huakai & Lei, Peng & Zhao, Dongyue & Shi, Congling, 2021. "An extended model for crowd evacuation considering pedestrian panic in artificial attack," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 571(C).
    12. Ma, Jian & Song, Wei-guo & Zhang, Jun & Lo, Siu-ming & Liao, Guang-xuan, 2010. "k-Nearest-Neighbor interaction induced self-organized pedestrian counter flow," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 389(10), pages 2101-2117.
    13. Zheng, Yaochen & Chen, Jianqiao & Wei, Junhong & Guo, Xiwei, 2012. "Modeling of pedestrian evacuation based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(17), pages 4225-4233.
    14. Yue, Hao & Zhang, Junyao & Chen, Wenxin & Wu, Xinsen & Zhang, Xu & Shao, Chunfu, 2021. "Simulation of the influence of spatial obstacles on evacuation pedestrian flow in walking facilities," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 571(C).
    15. Shiwakoti, Nirajan & Sarvi, Majid, 2013. "Understanding pedestrian crowd panic: a review on model organisms approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 12-17.
    16. Krbálek, Milan & Hrabák, Pavel & Bukáček, Marek, 2018. "Pedestrian headways — Reflection of territorial social forces," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 490(C), pages 38-49.
    17. Liu, Qian, 2018. "A social force model for the crowd evacuation in a terrorist attack," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 502(C), pages 315-330.
    18. Lian, Liping & Song, Weiguo & Yuen, Kwok Kit Richard & Telesca, Luciano, 2018. "Investigating the time evolution of some parameters describing inflow processes of pedestrians in a room," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 507(C), pages 77-88.
    19. Li, Zexu & Fang, Lei, 2024. "On the ideal gas law for crowds with high pressure," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 638(C).
    20. Zheng, Xiaoping & Cheng, Yuan, 2011. "Conflict game in evacuation process: A study combining Cellular Automata model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(6), pages 1042-1050.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:3:p:780-:d:1056908. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.