IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v11y2022i2p289-d749042.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Short-Term Zero Tillage and Legume Intercrops on Soil Quality, Agronomic and Physiological Aspects of Cotton under Arid Climate

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Faisal Saleem

    (Department of Agronomy, MNS—University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Ghaffar

    (Department of Agronomy, MNS—University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Habib ur Rahman

    (Department of Agronomy, MNS—University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan
    Crop Science, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany)

  • Muhammad Imran

    (Department of Soil Science, MNS—University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Rashid Iqbal

    (Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan)

  • Walid Soufan

    (Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Subhan Danish

    (Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan)

  • Rahul Datta

    (Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic)

  • Karthika Rajendran

    (Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India)

  • Ayman EL Sabagh

    (Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt)

Abstract

A detailed field experiment was carried out to study the effect of conventional and zero tillage and legume intercrops on soil health indicators and cotton productivity and also yield components of leguminous crops at the Research Farm, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan. The field experiment was comprised of four legume intercrops (no intercrops (sole cotton), mung bean, mash bean, and soybean) and two tillage systems (three years zero tillage (ZT) and long-term conventional tillage (CT)). The CT showed the highest plant height (121 cm), total bolls per plant (22.9 bolls), boll weight (2.74 g) and seed yield (2031 kg ha −1 ) of the cotton crop, as compared to ZT. The highest leaf transpiration rate (9.28 mmol H 2 O m −2 s −1 ), net leaf photosynthetic rate (27.17 µmol m −2 s −1 ), stomatal conductance (0.493 mmol m −2 s −1 ), chlorophyll content (62.3 SPAD value), plant height (123 cm), total bolls per plant (24.4), boll weight (2.83 g), and seed yield (2090 kg ha −1 ) of cotton crop were recorded when it was grown as a sole crop, as compared to legume intercrops. However, soil organic matter (0.77%), phosphorus (8.08 mg kg −1 ), potassium (253 mg kg −1 ), and microbial population (7.26 × 10 6 Cfu) were higher in ZT than in CT. Mung bean showed a maximum number of pods (32), seed yield (173 kg ha −1 ), biomass (950 kg ha −1 ), and harvest index (19.0%), when intercropped with cotton. The highest land equivalent ratio and area time equivalent ratio were recorded in mung bean and cotton intercropping, grown under a CT system. Furthermore, the maximum benefit-cost ratio was recorded in mung bean and cotton intercropping, over sole cotton cropping under CT (1.75) and ZT (1.67) systems. The ZT and intercropping of leguminous crops with cotton might be a promising option for increasing the seed cotton yield, seed yield of leguminous crops, system profitability, and sustainability of soil health.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Faisal Saleem & Abdul Ghaffar & Muhammad Habib ur Rahman & Muhammad Imran & Rashid Iqbal & Walid Soufan & Subhan Danish & Rahul Datta & Karthika Rajendran & Ayman EL Sabagh, 2022. "Effect of Short-Term Zero Tillage and Legume Intercrops on Soil Quality, Agronomic and Physiological Aspects of Cotton under Arid Climate," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:2:p:289-:d:749042
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/289/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/2/289/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rattan Lal, 2015. "Restoring Soil Quality to Mitigate Soil Degradation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Muhammad Majid & Muqarrab Ali & Khurram Shahzad & Fiaz Ahmad & Rao Muhammad Ikram & Muhammad Ishtiaq & Ibrahim A. Alaraidh & Abdulrahman Al-hashimi & Hayssam M. Ali & Tayebeh Zarei & Rahul Datta & Sha, 2020. "Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-14, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Kashif Ejaz & Muhammad Aurangzaib & Rashid Iqbal & Muhammad Shahzaman & Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman & Mohamed El-Sharnouby & Rahul Datta & Fahad M. Alzuaibr & Mohamed I. Sakran & Chukwuma C. Ogb, 2022. "The Use of Soil Conditioners to Ensure a Sustainable Wheat Yield under Water Deficit Conditions by Enhancing the Physiological and Antioxidant Potentials," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ahmad A. Al-Ghamdi & Yilma Tadesse & Nuru Adgaba & Abdulaziz G. Alghamdi, 2021. "Soil Degradation and Restoration in Southwestern Saudi Arabia through Investigation of Soil Physiochemical Characteristics and Nutrient Status as Indicators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Sriroop Chaudhuri & Mimi Roy & Louis M. McDonald & Yves Emendack, 2023. "Land Degradation–Desertification in Relation to Farming Practices in India: An Overview of Current Practices and Agro-Policy Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-27, April.
    3. Romero, Pascual & Navarro, Josefa María & Ordaz, Pablo Botía, 2022. "Towards a sustainable viticulture: The combination of deficit irrigation strategies and agroecological practices in Mediterranean vineyards. A review and update," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    4. Grażyna Żukowska & Magdalena Myszura-Dymek & Szymon Roszkowski & Magdalena Olkiewicz, 2023. "Selected Properties of Soil-like Substrates Made from Mine Coal Waste and Their Effect on Plant Yields," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    5. Anna Kocira & Mariola Staniak & Marzena Tomaszewska & Rafał Kornas & Jacek Cymerman & Katarzyna Panasiewicz & Halina Lipińska, 2020. "Legume Cover Crops as One of the Elements of Strategic Weed Management and Soil Quality Improvement. A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-41, September.
    6. Xiukang Wang, 2022. "Managing Land Carrying Capacity: Key to Achieving Sustainable Production Systems for Food Security," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-21, March.
    7. Jacek Pranagal & Sławomir Ligęza & Halina Smal & Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan, 2023. "Effects of Waste Application (Carboniferous Rock and Post-Fermentation Sludge) on Soil Quality," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-20, February.
    8. Erika María López-García & Edgardo Torres-Trejo & Lucia López-Reyes & Ángel David Flores-Domínguez & Ricardo Darío Peña-Moreno & Jesús Francisco López-Olguín, 2020. "Estimation of soil erosion using USLE and GIS in the locality of Tzicatlacoyan, Puebla, México," Soil and Water Research, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 15(1), pages 9-17.
    9. Ajay Kumar & Sushil Kumar & Komal & Nirala Ramchiary & Pardeep Singh, 2021. "Role of Traditional Ethnobotanical Knowledge and Indigenous Communities in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-14, March.
    10. Amanuel B. Abraha & Eyob H. Tesfamariam & Wayne F. Truter, 2019. "Can a Blend of Amendments Be an Important Component of a Rehabilitation Strategy for Surface Coal Mined Soils?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-17, August.
    11. Sartori, Martina & Ferrari, Emanuele & M'Barek, Robert & Philippidis, George & Boysen-Urban, Kirsten & Borrelli, Pasquale & Montanarella, Luca & Panagos, Panos, 2024. "Remaining Loyal to Our Soil: A Prospective Integrated Assessment of Soil Erosion on Global Food Security," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    12. Ruiz-Espinosa, Laura I. & Verhulst, Nele & van Ogtrop, Floris & Cross, Rebecca & Govaerts, Bram & van Rees, Harm & Trethowan, Richard, 2024. "Quantifying the adoption of conservation agriculture: Development and application of the Conservation Agriculture Appraisal Index," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    13. Luciene Gomes & Silvio J. C. Simões & Eloi Lennon Dalla Nora & Eráclito Rodrigues de Sousa-Neto & Maria Cristina Forti & Jean Pierre H. B. Ometto, 2019. "Agricultural Expansion in the Brazilian Cerrado: Increased Soil and Nutrient Losses and Decreased Agricultural Productivity," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-26, January.
    14. Faith Ibukun Babalola & Gbolahan Olaoluwa Oladayo & Emmanuel Osamuyimen Eboigbe & Rosita Eberechukwu Daraojimba, 2024. "A Comprehensive Review Of Redefining Agricultural Economics For Sustainable Development: Overcoming Challenges And Seizing Opportunities In A Changing World," Food and Agri Economics Review (FAER), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 3(1), pages 32-39, January.
    15. Maria Cristina Collivignarelli & Alessandro Abbà & Andrea Frattarola & Marco Carnevale Miino & Sergio Padovani & Ioannis Katsoyiannis & Vincenzo Torretta, 2019. "Legislation for the Reuse of Biosolids on Agricultural Land in Europe: Overview," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-22, October.
    16. Melese Baye Hailu & Surendra Kumar Mishra & Sanjay K. Jain, 2023. "Evaluation of Spatial-Temporal Variation of Soil Loss and Best Conservation Measures in an East Africa Catchment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-17, May.
    17. Luca Colombo & Paola Labrecciosa, 2024. "Resource Mobility and Market Performance," Dynamic Games and Applications, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 78-96, March.
    18. Denis-Constantin Țopa & Sorin Căpșună & Anca-Elena Calistru & Costică Ailincăi, 2025. "Sustainable Practices for Enhancing Soil Health and Crop Quality in Modern Agriculture: A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-38, May.
    19. Mohamed Allam & Emanuele Radicetti & Mortadha Ben Hassine & Aftab Jamal & Zainul Abideen & Roberto Mancinelli, 2023. "A Meta-Analysis Approach to Estimate the Effect of Cover Crops on the Grain Yield of Succeeding Cereal Crops within European Cropping Systems," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-18, August.
    20. Cangxiang Wen & Zheqin Dai & Fangkui Cheng & Helai Cheng & Zixuan Yang & Qingxiu Cai & Xiao Zha & Xiwu Lu, 2024. "Review on research achievements of blackwater anaerobic digestion for enhanced resource recovery," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(1), pages 1-31, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:2:p:289-:d:749042. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.