IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i9p5702-d1137981.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Impact of Social Loafing on Turnover Intention for Tourism Employees Post COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Mental Health

Author

Listed:
  • Ibrahim A. Elshaer

    (Management Department, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia
    Hotel Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

  • Mohamed Algezawy

    (Management Department, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohanad M. S. Ghaleb

    (Management Department, College of Business Administration, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia)

  • Shaimaa A. Mohamed

    (Social Studies Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia
    Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt)

  • Alaa M. S. Azazz

    (Social Studies Department, College of Arts, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia
    Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread changes in the way that people work, including an increase in remote work and changes in group dynamics. Social loafing, the phenomenon of reduced individual effort in group settings, has been widely studied in the literature. However, less is known about the potential impacts of social loafing on mental health and turnover intention in this relationship. In this study, we hypothesized that social loafing would be related to turnover intention and that mental health would mediate this relationship. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 700 full-time tourism employees in Egypt. The obtained data were analyzed by Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Our results indicated that social loafing was significantly related to turnover intention and negative mental health consequences significantly mediated this relationship. The results showed that stress (as a dimension of mental health) experienced by employees may act as a mediator between social loafing and turnover intention. On the other hand, depression and anxiety were not observed to have a similar mediating effect. This implies that stress could play a vital role in the decision-making process of employees who are contemplating leaving their job due to social loafing. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing social loafing may have the added benefit of improving mental health and decreasing turnover intention in the workplace.

Suggested Citation

  • Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Mohamed Algezawy & Mohanad M. S. Ghaleb & Shaimaa A. Mohamed & Alaa M. S. Azazz, 2023. "The Impact of Social Loafing on Turnover Intention for Tourism Employees Post COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Mental Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(9), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:9:p:5702-:d:1137981
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/9/5702/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/9/5702/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wagih Salama & Ahmed Hassan Abdou & Shaimaa Abo Khanger Mohamed & Hossam Said Shehata, 2022. "Impact of Work Stress and Job Burnout on Turnover Intentions among Hotel Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-20, August.
    2. Osman M. Karatepe & Mehmet Bahri Saydam & Fevzi Okumus, 2021. "COVID-19, mental health problems, and their detrimental effects on hotel employees’ propensity to be late for work, absenteeism, and life satisfaction," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(7), pages 934-951, April.
    3. Huidi Xiao & Wen Shu & Menglong Li & Ziang Li & Fangbiao Tao & Xiaoyan Wu & Yizhen Yu & Heng Meng & Sten H. Vermund & Yifei Hu, 2020. "Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-13, July.
    4. Xiaowei Jiang & Andrew Kim & Kyungyeol (Anthony) Kim & Qian Yang & Jerónimo García-Fernández & James J. Zhang, 2021. "Motivational Antecedents, Value Co-Creation Process, and Behavioral Consequences in Participatory Sport Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-16, September.
    5. Tom Baum & Catherine Cheung & Haiyan Kong & Anna Kralj & Shelagh Mooney & Hải Nguyễn Thị Thanh & Sridar Ramachandran & Marinela Dropulić Ružić & May Ling Siow, 2016. "Sustainability and the Tourism and Hospitality Workforce: A Thematic Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-21, August.
    6. Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Alaa M. S. Azazz & Sameh Fayyad, 2022. "Positive Humor and Work Withdrawal Behaviors: The Role of Stress Coping Styles in the Hotel Industry Amid COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-12, May.
    7. Saeed A. Al-Haidan & Alaa M. S. Azazz & Ibrahim A. Elshaer, 2022. "Social Disconnectedness and Career Advancement Impact on Performance: The Role of Employees’ Satisfaction in the Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Lorraine Eden & Bo Bernhard Nielsen, 2020. "Research methods in international business: The challenge of complexity," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(9), pages 1609-1620, December.
    9. Hyunah Chung & Wei Quan & Bonhak Koo & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Alejandro Vega-Muñoz & Gabriele Giorgi & Heesup Han, 2021. "A Threat of Customer Incivility and Job Stress to Hotel Employee Retention: Do Supervisor and Co-Worker Supports Reduce Turnover Rates?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-18, June.
    10. Hwayoung Kim & Myoungjin Yu & Sunghyup Sean Hyun, 2022. "Strategies to Improve Work Attitude and Mental Health of Problem Employees: Focusing on Airline Cabin Crew," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-17, January.
    11. Bellou, Victoria, 2008. "Exploring civic virtue and turnover intention during organizational changes," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(7), pages 778-789, July.
    12. Huidi Xiao & Wen Shu & Menglong Li & Ziang Li & Fangbiao Tao & Xiaoyan Wu & Yizhen Yu & Heng Meng & Sten H. Vermund & Yifei Hu, 2020. "Correction: Xiao, H., et al. Social Distancing among Medical Students during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease Pandemic in China: Disease Awareness, Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Behavioral Activities.," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-2, December.
    13. Ying Xu & Diao Jie & Hongyu Wu & Xiaolu Shi & Daniel Badulescu & Sher Akbar & Alina Badulescu, 2022. "Reducing Employee Turnover Intentions in Tourism and Hospitality Sector: The Mediating Effect of Quality of Work Life and Intrinsic Motivation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-18, September.
    14. Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Alaa M. S. Azazz & Samy Wageh Mahmoud & Marwa Ghanem, 2022. "Perceived Risk of Job Instability and Unethical Organizational Behaviour Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Family Financial Pressure and Distributive Injustice in the Tourism Industry," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-15, March.
    15. Hongshan Lai & Md Altab Hossin & Jieyun Li & Ruping Wang & Md Sajjad Hosain, 2022. "Examining the Relationship between COVID-19 Related Job Stress and Employees’ Turnover Intention with the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support: Evidence from SMEs in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-19, March.
    16. Yoon-Sik Jung & Hyo-Sun Jung & Hye-Hyun Yoon, 2022. "The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on the Psychological Detachment and Emotional Exhaustion of Hotel Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Weidi Zhang & Lei Wen, 2023. "Analysis of the Coordination Effects and Influencing Factors of Transportation and Tourism Development in Shaanxi Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lavinia Denisia Cuc & Andrea Feher & Paul Nichita Cuc & Silviu Gabriel Szentesi & Dana Rad & Gavril Rad & Mioara Florina Pantea & Cosmin Silviu Raul Joldes, 2022. "A Parallel Mediation Analysis on the Effects of Pandemic Accentuated Occupational Stress on Hospitality Industry Staff Turnover Intentions in COVID-19 Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-20, September.
    2. Arndt Büssing & Michaela Zupanic & Jan P. Ehlers & Angelika Taetz-Harrer, 2022. "Mental Stress in Medical Students during the Pandemic and Their Relation to Digital and Hybrid Semester—Cross-Sectional Data from Three Recruitment Waves in Germany," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-18, September.
    3. Thomas Volken & Annina Zysset & Simone Amendola & Anthony Klein Swormink & Marion Huber & Agnes von Wyl & Julia Dratva, 2021. "Depressive Symptoms in Swiss University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Their Correlates," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Franca Spatafora & Paula M. Matos Fialho & Heide Busse & Stefanie M. Helmer & Hajo Zeeb & Christiane Stock & Claus Wendt & Claudia R. Pischke, 2022. "Fear of Infection and Depressive Symptoms among German University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    5. Alessandra Patrono & Stefano Renzetti & Angela Manco & Paola Brunelli & Stefanny M. Moncada & Mark J. Macgowan & Donatella Placidi & Stefano Calza & Giuseppa Cagna & Matteo Rota & Maurizio Memo & Maur, 2022. "COVID-19 Aftermath: Exploring the Mental Health Emergency among Students at a Northern Italian University," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-16, July.
    6. Isabel Lasheras & Patricia Gracia-García & Darren M. Lipnicki & Juan Bueno-Notivol & Raúl López-Antón & Concepción de la Cámara & Antonio Lobo & Javier Santabárbara, 2020. "Prevalence of Anxiety in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-12, September.
    7. Wandeep Kaur & Vimala Balakrishnan & Yoke Yong Chen & Jeyarani Periasamy, 2022. "Mental Health Risk Factors and Coping Strategies among Students in Asia Pacific during COVID-19 Pandemic—A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-15, July.
    8. Blanca Rosa García-Rivera & Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz & Ignacio Alejandro Mendoza-Martínez & Jesús Everardo Olguin-Tiznado & Pedro García-Alcaráz & Mónica Fernanda Aranibar & Claudia Camargo-Wilson, 2021. "Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic Uncertainty in Negative Emotional States and Resilience as Mediators against Suicide Ideation, Drug Addiction and Alcoholism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-19, December.
    9. Javier Santabarbara & Nahia Idoiaga & Naiara Ozamiz-Etxebarria & Juan Bueno-Notivol, 2021. "Prevalence of Anxiety in Dental Students during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-14, October.
    10. Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Alaa M. S. Azazz & Sameh Fayyad, 2023. "Green Human Resources and Innovative Performance in Small- and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises: A Mediation Model Using PLS-SEM Data Analysis," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-17, January.
    11. Annapia Ferrara & Concetta Ferrara & Sabrina Tomasi & Gigliola Paviotti & Giovanna Bertella & Alessio Cavicchi, 2023. "Exploring the Potential of Social Farmers’ Networking as a Leverage for Inclusive Tourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    12. Richter, Nicole Franziska & Hauff, Sven, 2022. "Necessary conditions in international business research–Advancing the field with a new perspective on causality and data analysis," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 57(5).
    13. Md. Abu Issa Gazi & Md. Aminul Islam & Jakhongir Shaturaev & Bablu Kumar Dhar, 2022. "Effects of Job Satisfaction on Job Performance of Sugar Industrial Workers: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-24, October.
    14. Catherine Welch & Eriikka Paavilainen-Mäntymäki & Rebecca Piekkari & Emmanuella Plakoyiannaki, 2022. "Reconciling theory and context: How the case study can set a new agenda for international business research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(1), pages 4-26, February.
    15. Preuss, Lutz & Vazquez-Brust, Diego & Yakovleva, Natalia & Foroughi, Hamid & Mutti, Diana, 2022. "When social movements close institutional voids: Triggers, processes, and consequences for multinational enterprises," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 57(1).
    16. Jean-François Hennart & Dylan Sutherland, 2022. "International business research: The real challenges are data and theory," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(9), pages 2068-2087, December.
    17. Nikolaos Varotsis, 2022. "Digital Entrepreneurship and Creative Industries in Tourism: A Research Agenda," Economies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, July.
    18. Arzu Atan & Hale Ozgit & Fatos Silman, 2021. "Happiness at Work and Motivation for a Sustainable Workforce: Evidence from Female Hotel Employees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-17, July.
    19. Chung-Jen Wang, 2019. "Linking Sustainable Human Resource Management in Hospitality: An Empirical Investigation of the Integrated Mediated Moderation Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-16, February.
    20. Chung-Jen Wang & Kuan-Ju Tseng, 2019. "Effects of Selected Positive Resources on Hospitality Service Quality: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-17, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:9:p:5702-:d:1137981. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.