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The COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccine Inequity Worldwide: An Empirical Study Based on Global Data

Author

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  • Chuanlin Ning

    (School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

  • Han Wang

    (School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China)

  • Jing Wu

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia)

  • Qinwei Chen

    (School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China)

  • Huacheng Pei

    (School of Economics and Finance, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, China)

  • Hao Gao

    (School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China)

Abstract

Vaccination is critical for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the progress of COVID-19 vaccination varies from different countries, and global vaccine inequity has been a worldwide public health issue. This study collected data from the Our World in Data COVID-19 vaccination data set between 13 December 2020 and 1 January 2022. The measurement reflecting the pandemic situation included New cases, New deaths, Hospital patients, ICU patients, and the Reproduction rate. Indicators for measuring the vaccination coverage included Total vaccinations per hundred and People vaccinated per hundred. The Human Development Index (HDI) measured the country’s development level. Findings indicated that countries with higher HDI have more adequate vaccine resources, and global vaccine inequity exists. The study also found that vaccination significantly mitigates the pandemic, and reaching 70% immunization coverage can further control the epidemic. In addition, the emergence of Omicron variants makes the COVID-19 epidemic situation even worse, suggesting the importance and necessity of addressing vaccine inequity. The globe will face a greater challenge in controlling the pandemic if lower-vaccinated countries do not increase their vaccination coverage. Addressing the issue of vaccine inequity needs the cooperation of HIC, LMIC, public health departments, and vaccine producers. Moreover, the media has to contribute to effective public health communication by raising public perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination, and vaccine inequity.

Suggested Citation

  • Chuanlin Ning & Han Wang & Jing Wu & Qinwei Chen & Huacheng Pei & Hao Gao, 2022. "The COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccine Inequity Worldwide: An Empirical Study Based on Global Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5267-:d:802522
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hui Jin & Xinyi Qian & Tachia Chin & Hejie Zhang, 2020. "A Global Assessment of Sustainable Development Based on Modification of the Human Development Index via the Entropy Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Yang Ye & Qingpeng Zhang & Xuan Wei & Zhidong Cao & Hsiang-Yu Yuan & Daniel Dajun Zeng, 2022. "Equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines makes a life-saving difference to all countries," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(2), pages 207-216, February.
    3. Ewen Callaway & Heidi Ledford, 2021. "How bad is Omicron? What scientists know so far," Nature, Nature, vol. 600(7888), pages 197-199, December.
    4. Hani Kim & Uros Novakovic, 2021. "Towards Solving Health Inequities: A Method to Identify Ideological Operation in Global Health Programs," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-13, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tit Albreht, 2023. "Challenges to Global Health Emerging from the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, May.

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