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Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Work Engagement: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nurses Working in Long-Term Care Facilities

Author

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  • Derong Zeng

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
    School of Nursing, Kyoto Koka Women’s University, 38 Nishikyogoku Kadono-cho, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 615-0882, Japan)

  • Nozomu Takada

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

  • Yukari Hara

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

  • Shoko Sugiyama

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

  • Yoshimi Ito

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
    School of Nursing, Miyagi University, 1-1 Gakuen, Taiwa-cho, Kurokawa-gun 981-3298, Japan)

  • Yoko Nihei

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
    Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8522, Japan)

  • Kyoko Asakura

    (Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan)

Abstract

Nurses’ work motivation impacts their job satisfaction and work engagement, affecting their quality of care. Work motivation, a personal resource, can be categorized into intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, each of which may function differently in the job demands–resources (JD–R) model. To study the effect of nurses’ intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation on work engagement in long-term care (LTC) facilities, we randomly selected 1200 facilities from 6055 LTC facilities in eastern Japan. Two nurses from each facility completed a self-report questionnaire—newly developed for this study for evaluating intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation—to assess their work engagement, job satisfaction, and work motivation. Multiple regression analysis of 561 valid questionnaires investigated the relationship between work motivation and work engagement, indicating that intrinsic work motivation, job satisfaction, and age had a significant positive effect on work engagement, while extrinsic work motivation had no significant effect. However, half the nurses chose to work because of extrinsic work motivation, explaining the high turnover rate of nursing staff in LTC facilities. Findings indicate the importance of measures to foster nurses’ intrinsic motivation to improve work engagement. Further research should investigate how to improve the intrinsic motivation of nurses working in LTC facilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Derong Zeng & Nozomu Takada & Yukari Hara & Shoko Sugiyama & Yoshimi Ito & Yoko Nihei & Kyoko Asakura, 2022. "Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Work Engagement: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nurses Working in Long-Term Care Facilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1284-:d:732091
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carole Pélissier & Barbara Charbotel & Jean Baptiste Fassier & Emmanuel Fort & Luc Fontana, 2018. "Nurses’ Occupational and Medical Risks Factors of Leaving the Profession in Nursing Homes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Peter Van Bogaert & Sean Clarke & Riet Willems & Mieke Mondelaers, 2013. "Staff engagement as a target for managing work environments in psychiatric hospitals: implications for workforce stability and quality of care," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 22(11-12), pages 1717-1728, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Galvão Meirinhos & António Cardoso & Maria Neves & Rui Silva & Reiville Rêgo, 2023. "Leadership Styles, Motivation, Communication and Reward Systems in Business Performance," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-30, January.
    2. Gabriela Topa & Mercedes Aranda-Carmena, 2022. "Job Crafting in Nursing: Mediation between Work Engagement and Job Performance in a Multisample Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-11, October.
    3. Feng-Hua Yang & Fang-Jie Shiu, 2023. "Evaluating the Impact of Workplace Friendship on Social Loafing in Long-Term Care Institutions: An Empirical Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.

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