IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i2p918-d724854.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Supporting Tourism by Assessing the Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination for Travel Reasons

Author

Listed:
  • Cezar Morar

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Alexandru Tiba

    (Department of Psychology, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania)

  • Tamara Jovanovic

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Aleksandar Valjarević

    (Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Matthias Ripp

    (Organisation of World Heritage Cities, 93047 Regensburg, Germany)

  • Miroslav D. Vujičić

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Uglješa Stankov

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Biljana Basarin

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

  • Rade Ratković

    (Faculty for Business in Tourism, 85310 Budva, Montenegro)

  • Maria Popović

    (Faculty for Business in Tourism, 85310 Budva, Montenegro)

  • Gyula Nagy

    (Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

  • Lajos Boros

    (Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary)

  • Tin Lukić

    (Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia)

Abstract

The persistence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus imposed vaccination passports for traveling in most countries. We investigated psychological factors that predict the intention to vaccinate for travel. In a cross-sectional study, we examined how demographic variables, vaccination status, perceived risk of infection and severity of disease contracted at travel destination, safety and effectiveness of vaccines against contracting COVID-19 during travel, and conspiracy beliefs are related to intention to vaccinate for travel. Further analyses involved differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in a Romanian sample regarding conspiracy beliefs, attitudes about vaccines, and self-efficacy of controlling COVID-19 infection. Results showed that the intention to vaccinate for travel reasons is best predicted by vaccination status and perceptions of safety and efficacy of vaccines against COVID-19. Thus, vaccinated individuals believing that vaccines are safe and effective most probably will take another vaccine booster if it will allow them to travel. Positive relationships of the intention to vaccinate for travel reasons were found with age, vaccination status, conspiracy beliefs, perceptions of safety and effectiveness of vaccines, intention to travel, and a more cautious approach to travel. No significant relationships were found between perceptions of risk for self or for transmitting the disease to others, severity of disease, and the intention to vaccinate for travel. We also found significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated participants, as unvaccinated participants showed higher levels of conspiracy beliefs and less trust in the safety and efficacy of vaccines. We conclude that campaigns focused on promoting information on the safety and efficacy of vaccines is the most important direction for promoting vaccination in young travelers.

Suggested Citation

  • Cezar Morar & Alexandru Tiba & Tamara Jovanovic & Aleksandar Valjarević & Matthias Ripp & Miroslav D. Vujičić & Uglješa Stankov & Biljana Basarin & Rade Ratković & Maria Popović & Gyula Nagy & Lajos B, 2022. "Supporting Tourism by Assessing the Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccination for Travel Reasons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:918-:d:724854
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/918/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/2/918/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cezar Morar & Alexandru Tiba & Biljana Basarin & Miroslav Vujičić & Aleksandar Valjarević & Liudmyla Niemets & Alena Gessert & Tamara Jovanovic & Marius Drugas & Vasile Grama & Marius Stupariu & Alina, 2021. "Predictors of Changes in Travel Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Tourists’ Personalities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Jeffrey T. Vietri & Meng Li & Alison P. Galvani & Gretchen B. Chapman, 2012. "Vaccinating to Help Ourselves and Others," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 32(3), pages 447-458, May.
    3. Florin Marcu & Nicolaie Hodor & Liliana Indrie & Paula Dejeu & Marin Ilieș & Adina Albu & Mircea Sandor & Cosmin Sicora & Monica Costea & Dorina Camelia Ilieș & Tudor Caciora & Anca Huniadi & Iuliana , 2021. "Microbiological, Health and Comfort Aspects of Indoor Air Quality in a Romanian Historical Wooden Church," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-18, September.
    4. Bara’ Abdallah AlShurman & Amber Fozia Khan & Christina Mac & Meerab Majeed & Zahid Ahmad Butt, 2021. "What Demographic, Social, and Contextual Factors Influence the Intention to Use COVID-19 Vaccines: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-43, September.
    5. Feng-Jen Tsai & Hsiu-Wen Yang & Chia-Ping Lin & Jeffrey Zen Liu, 2021. "Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccines and Protective Behavior among Adults in Taiwan: Associations between Risk Perception and Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dayal Ali W. Al-Khaldy & Thowayeb H. Hassan & Ahmed Hassan Abdou & Mostafa A. Abdelmoaty & Amany E. Salem, 2022. "The Effects of Social Networking Services on Tourists’ Intention to Visit Mega-Events during the Riyadh Season: A Theory of Planned Behavior Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Songhong Chen & Jian Ming Luo, 2023. "Understand Delegates Risk Attitudes and Behaviour: The Moderating Effect of Trust in COVID-19 Vaccination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Li, Xinghua & Yang, Yueyi & Guo, Yuntao & Souders, Dustin & Li, Jian, 2023. "Understanding the role of risk perception and health measures in ridesourcing usage in the post-COVID-19 era," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    4. Kai Xin Tay & Jennifer Kim Lian Chan, 2023. "Travel Confidence Reviving Tourism Industry: Is the Vaccination a Solution?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, March.
    5. Ruslan Gunko & Lauri Rapeli & Patrik Karell, 2022. "Striving with Global Stress on a Local Level: Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Relationship between People and Nature?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Shan Wang & Ivan Ka-Wai Lai & Jose Weng-Chou Wong, 2022. "An Exploratory Study of Pandemic-Restricted Travel—A New Form of Travel Pattern on the during- and Post-COVID-19 Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-16, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Falco, Paolo & Zaccagni, Sarah, 2020. "Promoting social distancing in a pandemic: Beyond the good intentions," OSF Preprints a2nys, Center for Open Science.
    2. Bojan Đerčan & Dragica Gatarić & Milka Bubalo Živković & Marija Belij Radin & Danijela Vukoičić & Bojana Kalenjuk Pivarski & Tamara Lukić & Petar Vasić & Milena Nikolić & Miloš Lutovac & Milena Lutova, 2023. "Evaluating Farm Tourism Development for Sustainability: A Case Study of Farms in the Peri-Urban Area of Novi Sad (Serbia)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-21, August.
    3. Janice Y. Jung & Barbara A. Mellers, 2016. "American attitudes toward nudges," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 11(1), pages 62-74, January.
    4. Kuo-Wei Hsu & Jen-Chih Chao & Ching-Yi Hsu, 2021. "Environmental Risk Perception and Preventive Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Central Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-10, September.
    5. Yajuan Dong & Yi Jin & Khan Anwar Kamal, 2023. "The Impact of Perceived Quality of Government Subsidies on Residents’ Travel Intention Post-COVID-19 in Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    6. Avinno Faruk & Ishmam Al Quddus, 2023. "COVID‐19 vaccination: Willingness and practice in Bangladesh," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 41(1), January.
    7. Michal Poljak & Radoslav Ponechal, 2023. "Microclimatic Monitoring—The Beginning of Saving Historical Sacral Buildings in Europe," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Yu, Ling & Zhao, Pengjun & Tang, Junqing & Pang, Liang, 2023. "Changes in tourist mobility after COVID-19 outbreaks," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    9. Jing Yu Pan, 2024. "High-Speed Rail in the US—Mode Choice Decision and Impact of COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-21, May.
    10. Yen-Ju Lin & Yu-Ping Chang & Wen-Jiun Chou & Cheng-Fang Yen, 2021. "Explicit and Intrinsic Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination among Heterosexuals and Sexual Minorities in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-10, July.
    11. Saša Ranđelović & Svetozar Tanasković, 2024. "Socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 537-553, December.
    12. repec:cup:judgdm:v:11:y:2016:i:1:p:62-74 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Ruslan Gunko & Lauri Rapeli & Patrik Karell, 2022. "Striving with Global Stress on a Local Level: Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Relationship between People and Nature?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-14, August.
    14. Dorina Camelia Ilies & Grigore Vasile Herman & Bahodirhon Safarov & Alexandru Ilies & Lucian Blaga & Tudor Caciora & Ana Cornelia Peres & Vasile Grama & Sigit Widodo Bambang & Telesphore Brou & Franco, 2023. "Indoor Air Quality Perception in Built Cultural Heritage in Times of Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    15. Arianna Barazzetti & Stefano Milesi & Attà Negri, 2024. "Exploring Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal: A Study in Italy during the Vaccine Rollout," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(3), pages 1-12, March.
    16. Hein de Vries & Wouter Verputten & Christian Preissner & Gerjo Kok, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Information Sources and Beliefs in Dutch Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-17, March.
    17. Kiyoko Saito & Makiko Komasawa & Myo Nyein Aung & Ei Thinzar Khin, 2022. "COVID-19 Vaccination Willingness in Four Asian Countries: A Comparative Study including Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-16, September.
    18. Grigore Vasile Herman & Vasile Grama & Alexandru Ilieș & Bahodirhon Safarov & Dorina Camelia Ilieș & Ioana Josan & Makhina Buzrukova & Bekzot Janzakov & Donatella Privitera & Olivier Dehoorne & Tudor , 2023. "The Relationship between Motivation and the Role of the Night of the Museums Event: Case Study in Oradea Municipality, Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-14, January.
    19. Mulder, Laetitia B. & Lokate, Mariëtte, 2022. "The effect of moral appeals on influenza vaccination uptake and support for a vaccination mandate among health care workers," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    20. Shan Wang & Ivan Ka-Wai Lai & Jose Weng-Chou Wong, 2022. "An Exploratory Study of Pandemic-Restricted Travel—A New Form of Travel Pattern on the during- and Post-COVID-19 Era," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-16, March.
    21. Raman Kachurka & Michał W. Krawczyk & Joanna Rachubik, 2021. "Persuasive messages will not raise COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Evidence from a nation-wide online experiment," Working Papers 2021-07, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:2:p:918-:d:724854. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.