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Developmental Delays in Socio-Emotional Brain Functions in Persons with an Intellectual Disability: Impact on Treatment and Support

Author

Listed:
  • Tanja Sappok

    (Berlin Center for Mental Health in Developmental Disabilities, Ev. Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, 10365 Berlin, Germany)

  • Angela Hassiotis

    (Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London W1T 7BN, UK
    Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London NW1 0PE, UK)

  • Marco Bertelli

    (CREA (Research and Clinical Centre), San Sebastiano Foundation, Misericordia di Firenze, 50142 Florence, Italy)

  • Isabel Dziobek

    (Clinical Psychology of Social Interaction, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany)

  • Paula Sterkenburg

    (Bartiméus, 3941 XM Doorn, The Netherlands
    Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Intellectual disability is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a related co-occurrence of mental health issues and challenging behaviors. In addition to purely cognitive functions, socio-emotional competencies may also be affected. In this paper, the lens of developmental social neuroscience is used to better understand the origins of mental disorders and challenging behaviors in people with an intellectual disability. The current concept of intelligence is broadened by socio-emotional brain functions. The emergence of these socio-emotional brain functions is linked to the formation of the respective neuronal networks located within the different parts of the limbic system. Thus, high order networks build on circuits that process more basic information. The socio-emotional skills can be assessed and complement the results of a standardized IQ-test. Disturbances of the brain cytoarchitecture and function that occur at a certain developmental period may increase the susceptibility to certain mental disorders. Insights into the current mental and socio-emotional functioning of a person may support clinicians in the calibration of treatment and support. Acknowledging the trajectories of the socio-emotional brain development may result in a more comprehensive understanding of behaviors and mental health in people with developmental delays and thus underpin supports for promotion of good mental health in this highly vulnerable population.

Suggested Citation

  • Tanja Sappok & Angela Hassiotis & Marco Bertelli & Isabel Dziobek & Paula Sterkenburg, 2022. "Developmental Delays in Socio-Emotional Brain Functions in Persons with an Intellectual Disability: Impact on Treatment and Support," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13109-:d:939970
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hosking, F.J. & Carey, I.M. & Shah, S.M. & Harris, T. & DeWilde, S. & Beighton, C. & Cook, D.G., 2016. "Mortality among adults with intellectual disability in England: Comparisons with the general population," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(8), pages 1483-1490.
    2. Michael Koenigs & Liane Young & Ralph Adolphs & Daniel Tranel & Fiery Cushman & Marc Hauser & Antonio Damasio, 2007. "Damage to the prefrontal cortex increases utilitarian moral judgements," Nature, Nature, vol. 446(7138), pages 908-911, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paula S. Sterkenburg & Marie Ilic & Miriam Flachsmeyer & Tanja Sappok, 2022. "More than a Physical Problem: The Effects of Physical and Sensory Impairments on the Emotional Development of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-10, December.

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