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Mind-Wandering during Personal Music Listening in Everyday Life: Music-Evoked Emotions Predict Thought Valence

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  • Liila Taruffi

    (Music Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3RL, UK)

Abstract

Research has shown that mind-wandering, negative mood, and poor wellbeing are closely related, stressing the importance of exploring contexts or tools that can stimulate positive thoughts and images. While music represents a promising option, work on this topic is still scarce with only a few studies published, mainly featuring laboratory or online music listening tasks. Here, I used the experience sampling method for the first time to capture mind-wandering during personal music listening in everyday life, aiming to test for the capacity of music to facilitate beneficial styles of mind-wandering and to explore its experiential characteristics. Twenty-six participants used a smart-phone application that collected reports of thought, mood, and emotion during music listening or other daily-life activities over 10 days. The application was linked to a music playlist, specifically assembled to induce positive and relaxing emotions. Results showed that mind-wandering evoked during music and non-music contexts had overall similar characteristics, although some minor differences were also observed. Most importantly, music-evoked emotions predicted thought valence, thereby indicating music as an effective tool to regulate thoughts via emotion. These findings have important applications for music listening in daily life as well as for the use of music in health interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Liila Taruffi, 2021. "Mind-Wandering during Personal Music Listening in Everyday Life: Music-Evoked Emotions Predict Thought Valence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12321-:d:686413
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Florence J M Ruby & Jonathan Smallwood & Haakon Engen & Tania Singer, 2013. "How Self-Generated Thought Shapes Mood—The Relation between Mind-Wandering and Mood Depends on the Socio-Temporal Content of Thoughts," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(10), pages 1-7, October.
    2. Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis & Patrick C. M. Wong & Rhimmon Simchy-Gross & J. Devin McAuley, 2019. "What the music said: narrative listening across cultures," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Ed Diener & Derrick Wirtz & William Tov & Chu Kim-Prieto & Dong-won Choi & Shigehiro Oishi & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2010. "New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 143-156, June.
    4. Petri Laukka, 2007. "Uses of music and psychological well-being among the elderly," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 215-241, June.
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