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Interaction of Urban Rivers and Green Space Morphology to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect: Case-Based Comparative Analysis

Author

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  • Yunfang Jiang

    (School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    Research Center for China, Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Jing Huang

    (School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    Research Center for China, Administrative Division, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China)

  • Tiemao Shi

    (Institute of Spatial Planning and Design, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China)

  • Hongxiang Wang

    (School of Journalism and Communication, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China)

Abstract

The spatial morphology of waterfront green spaces helps generate cooling effects to mitigate the urban heat island effect (UHI) in metropolis cities. To explore the contribution and influence of multi-dimensional spatial indices on the mitigation of UHIs, the green space of the riparian buffer along 18 river channels in Shanghai was considered as a case study. The spatial distribution data of the land surface temperature (LST) in the study area were obtained by using remote sensing images. By selecting the related spatial structure morphological factors of the waterfront green space as the quantitative description index, the growth regression tree model (BRT) was adapted to analyze the contribution of various indexes of the waterfront green space on the distribution of the LST and the marginal effect of blue–green synergistic cooling. In addition, mathematical statistical analysis and spatial analysis methods were used to study the influence of the morphological group (MG) types of riparian green spaces with different morphological characteristics on the LST. The results showed that in terms of the spatial structure variables between blue and green spaces, the contribution of river widths larger than 30 m was more notable in decreasing the LST. In the case of a larger river width, the marginal effect of synergistic cooling could be observed in farther regions. The green space that had the highest connectivity degree and was located in the leeward direction of the river exhibited the lowest LST. In terms of the spatial morphology, the fractional cover values of the vegetation (Fv) and area (A) of the green space were the main factors affecting the cooling effect of the green space. For all MG types, a large green patch that had a high green coverage and connectivity degree, as well as was distributed in the leeward direction of the river, corresponded to the lowest LST. The research presented herein can provide methods and development suggestions for optimizing spatial thermal comfort in climate adaptive cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Yunfang Jiang & Jing Huang & Tiemao Shi & Hongxiang Wang, 2021. "Interaction of Urban Rivers and Green Space Morphology to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect: Case-Based Comparative Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-29, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:21:p:11404-:d:668238
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yunfang Jiang & Shidan Jiang & Tiemao Shi, 2020. "Comparative Study on the Cooling Effects of Green Space Patterns in Waterfront Build-Up Blocks: An Experience from Shanghai," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-29, November.
    2. Yunfang Jiang & Danran Song & Tiemao Shi & Xuemei Han, 2018. "Adaptive Analysis of Green Space Network Planning for the Cooling Effect of Residential Blocks in Summer: A Case Study in Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Bodin, Örjan & Saura, Santiago, 2010. "Ranking individual habitat patches as connectivity providers: Integrating network analysis and patch removal experiments," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 221(19), pages 2393-2405.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yunfang Jiang & Xiaolin Li & Jing Huang, 2022. "Zoning Optimization Method of a Riverfront Greenspace Service Function Oriented to the Cooling Effect: A Case Study in Shanghai," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-32, December.
    2. Ya Hui Teo & Mohamed Akbar Bin Humayun Makani & Weimeng Wang & Linglan Liu & Jun Hong Yap & Kang Hao Cheong, 2022. "Urban Heat Island Mitigation: GIS-Based Analysis for a Tropical City Singapore," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-23, September.
    3. Yunfang Jiang & Jing Huang & Tiemao Shi & Xiaolin Li, 2021. "Cooling Island Effect of Blue-Green Corridors: Quantitative Comparison of Morphological Impacts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-28, November.
    4. Xiaojia Liu & Xi Chen & Yan Huang & Weihong Wang & Mingkan Zhang & Yang Jin, 2023. "Landscape Aesthetic Value of Waterfront Green Space Based on Space–Psychology–Behavior Dimension: A Case Study along Qiantang River (Hangzhou Section)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Lucie Havránková & Přemysl Štych & Pavel Ondr & Jana Moravcová & Jiří Sláma, 2023. "Assessment of the Connectivity and Comfort of Urban Rivers, a Case Study of the Czech Republic," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-20, April.
    6. Ziyi Liu & Xinyao Ma & Lihui Hu & Yong Liu & Shan Lu & Huilin Chen & Zhe Tan, 2022. "Nonlinear Cooling Effect of Street Green Space Morphology: Evidence from a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree and Explainable Machine Learning Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-23, December.
    7. Songxin Zheng & Lichen Liu & Xiaofeng Dong & Yanqing Hu & Pengpeng Niu, 2022. "Dominance of Influencing Factors on Cooling Effect of Urban Parks in Different Climatic Regions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, November.
    8. Lihua Chen & Yuan Ma, 2023. "How Do Ecological and Recreational Features of Waterfront Space Affect Its Vitality? Developing Coupling Coordination and Enhancing Waterfront Vitality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-18, January.
    9. Ningcheng Gao & Hui Zhang & Pei Wang & Ling Ning & Nyuk Hien Wong & Haibo Yu & Zikang Ke, 2023. "Research on Microclimate-Suitable Spatial Patterns of Waterfront Settlements in Summer: A Case Study of the Nan Lake Area in Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-26, November.
    10. Yanxia Hu & Changqing Wang & Jingjing Li, 2023. "Assessment of Heat Mitigation Services Provided by Blue and Green Spaces: An Application of the InVEST Urban Cooling Model with Scenario Analysis in Wuhan, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-21, April.
    11. Qian Dong & Qiuliang Zhang, 2022. "The Estimation of a Remote Sensing Model of Three-Dimensional Green Space Quantity and Research into Its Cooling Effect in Hohhot, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-21, August.

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