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Intimate Partner Violence against Women Living in Inadequate Conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey Data

Author

Listed:
  • Yaqing Gao

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Yinping Wang

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Xiaoyi Mi

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Mo Zhou

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Siyu Zou

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Hong Zhou

    (Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

Abstract

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a major public health problem and is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, little is known about its environmental determinants. This study aimed to investigate whether inadequate living conditions are associated with IPV victimization in women in SSA. We analyzed cross-sectional data for 102,714 women in 25 SSA countries obtained from the Demographic and Health Surveys Program. Logistic regression was used to estimate the country-specific effects of inadequate living conditions (housing with at least one of four characteristics of unimproved water, unimproved sanitation, insufficient space, and unfinished materials) on multiple forms of IPV. Random effects meta-analysis was used to combined the country-specific estimates. We found an association between inadequate living conditions and a higher likelihood of experiencing any (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.23, p = 0.012), sexual (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.34, p = 0.008), emotional (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.23, p = 0.023), and physical (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.010) IPV. The associations were stronger for rural and less-educated women. These findings suggest that future research to establish a causal link between living conditions and IPV and to elucidate the underlying pathways is crucial to design IPV interventions in SSA.

Suggested Citation

  • Yaqing Gao & Yinping Wang & Xiaoyi Mi & Mo Zhou & Siyu Zou & Hong Zhou, 2021. "Intimate Partner Violence against Women Living in Inadequate Conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:19:p:10138-:d:644130
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ekhator-Mobayode,Uche Eseosa & Hanmer,Lucia C. & Rubiano Matulevich,Eliana Carolina & Arango,Diana Jimena, 2020. "Effect of Armed Conflict on Intimate Partner Violence : Evidence from the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9168, The World Bank.
    2. Uche Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode & Lucia C. Hanmer & Eliana Carolina Rubiano Matulevich & Diana Jimena Arango, 2020. "The effect of armed conflict on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV): Evidence from the Boko Haram (BH) Insurgency in Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers 321, Households in Conflict Network.
    3. Yaqing Gao & Xiaoyi Mi & Yinping Wang & Siyu Zou & Hong Zhou, 2021. "Association between Household Crowding and Violent Discipline and Neglect of Children: Analysis of Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-13, February.
    4. Yaqing Gao & Long Zhang & Ashish Kc & Yinping Wang & Siyu Zou & Chunyi Chen & Yue Huang & Xiaoyi Mi & Hong Zhou, 2021. "Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(4), pages 1-18, April.
    5. Adrienne Epstein & Eran Bendavid & Denis Nash & Edwin D Charlebois & Sheri D Weiser, 2020. "Drought and intimate partner violence towards women in 19 countries in sub-Saharan Africa during 2011-2018: A population-based study," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Masood Ali Shaikh, 2022. "Prevalence and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence against Women in Liberia: Findings from 2019–2020 Demographic and Health Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-11, March.

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