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Combinations of Epidemiological and Experimental Studies in Air Pollution Research: A Narrative Review

Author

Listed:
  • Hannah Weisenberg

    (Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA)

  • Tianyu Zhao

    (Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
    Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, Member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, 80336 Munich, Germany
    Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany)

  • Joachim Heinrich

    (Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
    Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, Member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, 80336 Munich, Germany
    Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
    Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia)

Abstract

Scientific literature is evolving to include more systematic reviews that encompass epidemiological and experimental papers so that the whole picture can be examined. The aim of this narrative review is to bridge that gap by combining epidemiological and experimental studies based on the same setting: Examples of Bitterfeld, Utah Valley, Beijing Olympic Games, and Viadana. This review looks at four examples that incorporate multiple epidemiological and experimental papers about air pollution exposure and health effects. The Bitterfeld (spatial) and Utah Valley (temporal) examples showed that particle composition causes the biggest difference in lung injury. In Beijing, a temporal difference of before/after and during the Olympics showed that traffic and industry air pollution-related health effects like lung cancer and cardiovascular disease could be reduced by improvement of air quality. The Viadana example showed a spatial difference in respiratory injury caused by particle composition and interactions with genotoxicity. Combining experimental and epidemiological methods gives a more in-depth look into the whole picture of exposure and health effects. Our review exemplifies the strength of this strategy and encourages further use of it.

Suggested Citation

  • Hannah Weisenberg & Tianyu Zhao & Joachim Heinrich, 2020. "Combinations of Epidemiological and Experimental Studies in Air Pollution Research: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:2:p:385-:d:305947
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Arden Pope III, C., 1989. "Respiratory disease associated with community air pollution and a steel mill, Utah Valley," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 79(5), pages 623-628.
    2. Li Wang & Fengying Zhang & Eva Pilot & Jie Yu & Chengjing Nie & Jennifer Holdaway & Linsheng Yang & Yonghua Li & Wuyi Wang & Sotiris Vardoulakis & Thomas Krafft, 2018. "Taking Action on Air Pollution Control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Region: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-27, February.
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