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Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future

Author

Listed:
  • Yu-Kai Chang

    (Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
    Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan)

  • Chiao-Ling Hung

    (Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan)

  • Sinika Timme

    (Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany)

  • Sanaz Nosrat

    (Department of Health Sciences, Lehman College, Bronx, NY 10468, USA)

  • Chien-Heng Chu

    (Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan)

Abstract

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated governmental recommendations and restrictions have influenced many aspects of human life, including exercise and mental health. This study aims to explore the influence of COVID-19 on exercise behavior and its impact on mood states, as well as predict changes in exercise behavior during a similar future pandemic in Taiwan. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between 7 April and 13 May 2020 ( n = 1114). Data on exercise behavior pre and during the pandemic and mood states were collected. A cumulative link model was used to predict changes in exercise frequency during a similar future pandemic by exercise frequency during the pandemic. A linear model was used to predict the influence of exercise frequency before and during the pandemic on mood states during the pandemic. A total of 71.2%, 67.3%, and 58.3% of respondents maintained their exercise intensity, frequency, and duration, respectively, during the pandemic. Frequent exercisers are more likely to maintain their exercise frequency during a similar pandemic ( p < 0.001). Higher exercise frequencies during the pandemic were associated with better mood states ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the effects of prepandemic exercise frequency on mood states are moderated by changes in exercise frequency during the pandemic ( p < 0.05). Additionally, maintenance of exercise frequency during a pandemic specifically for frequent exercisers are recommended to preserve mood states. These results may provide evidence for health policies on exercise promotion and mental health before and during a future pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu-Kai Chang & Chiao-Ling Hung & Sinika Timme & Sanaz Nosrat & Chien-Heng Chu, 2020. "Exercise Behavior and Mood during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Lessons for the Future," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:7092-:d:420684
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    1. Abraham Batalla-Gavalda & Pau Cecilia-Gallego & Fernando Revillas-Ortega & Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido, 2021. "Variations in the Mood States during the Different Phases of COVID-19’s Lockdown in Young Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-9, September.
    2. Yu-Hsiu Chu & Yao-Chuen Li, 2022. "The Impact of Online Learning on Physical and Mental Health in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-10, March.
    3. Rachel L. Knight & Melitta A. McNarry & Liba Sheeran & Adam W. Runacres & Rhys Thatcher & James Shelley & Kelly A. Mackintosh, 2021. "Moving Forward: Understanding Correlates of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour during COVID-19—An Integrative Review and Socioecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    4. Valentin Benzing & Sanaz Nosrat & Alireza Aghababa & Vassilis Barkoukis & Dmitriy Bondarev & Yu-Kai Chang & Boris Cheval & Muhammet Cihat Çiftçi & Hassan M. Elsangedy & Maria Luisa M. Guinto & Zhijian, 2021. "Staying Active under Restrictions: Changes in Type of Physical Exercise during the Initial COVID-19 Lockdown," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Laura Giessing & Julia Kannen & Jana Strahler & Marie Ottilie Frenkel, 2021. "Direct and Stress-Buffering Effects of COVID-19-Related Changes in Exercise Activity on the Well-Being of German Sport Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-17, July.

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