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Distance, Duration, and Velocity in Cycle Commuting: Analyses of Relations and Determinants of Velocity

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  • Peter Schantz

    (Research Unit for Movement, Health and Environment, The Åstrand Laboratory, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
    Unit for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden)

Abstract

Background : The distance, duration, and velocity of cycling for transport purposes are used in health economic assessments, epidemiological studies, traffic modelling, and planning. It is therefore of value to determine relevant levels for them, and analyze how they relate, as well as to what extent other relevant variables may affect cycling velocities. 1661 cycle commuters (34% males) in Greater Stockholm, Sweden have been studied for that purpose. Methods : The participants were recruited with advertisements. They received questionnaires and individually adjusted maps to draw their normal cycling route. Route distances were measured by a criterion method. Age, sex, weight, height, and cycling durations to work were self-reported. The commuting routes were positioned in relation to inner urban and/or suburban–rural areas. Linear multiple regression analyses were used. Results : Cycling speeds were positively related to commuting distances or durations, being male, of younger age, having higher body weight but lower body mass index (BMI), and using the last digits 1–4 or 6–9 in duration reports (as compared to 0 and 5), as well as cycling in suburban (versus inner urban) areas. Conclusions : The study provides new knowledge about how distance and duration, as well as other factors, relate to the velocity of commuter cycling. It thereby enables the use of more appropriate input values in, for instance, health economic assessments and epidemiological health studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Schantz, 2017. "Distance, Duration, and Velocity in Cycle Commuting: Analyses of Relations and Determinants of Velocity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:10:p:1166-:d:113971
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stigell, Erik & Schantz, Peter, 2011. "Methods for determining route distances in active commuting – Their validity and reproducibility," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 563-574.
    2. Paul Kelly & Patricia Krenn & Sylvia Titze & Peter Stopher & Charlie Foster, 2013. "Quantifying the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning Systems-Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(4), pages 443-459, July.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Johan Nilsson Sommar & Christer Johansson & Boel Lövenheim & Anders Markstedt & Magnus Strömgren & Bertil Forsberg, 2020. "Potential Effects on Travelers’ Air Pollution Exposure and Associated Mortality Estimated for a Mode Shift from Car to Bicycle Commuting," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-16, October.
    3. Mabliny Thuany & João Carlos N. Melo & João Pedro B. Tavares & Filipe M. J. Santos & Ellen C. M. Silva & André O. Werneck & Sayuri Dantas & Gerson Ferrari & Thiago H. Sá & Danilo R. Silva, 2020. "The Profile of Bicycle Users, Their Perceived Difficulty to Cycle, and the Most Frequent Trip Origins and Destinations in Aracaju, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-10, October.

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