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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Substance Use and Misuse among Kosovar Adolescents; Cross Sectional Study of Scholastic, Familial-, and Sports-Related Factors of Influence

Author

Listed:
  • Enver Tahiraj

    (Ministry of Culture Youth and Sport, Pristina 10000, Kosovo
    College Universi Bardhosh, Pristina 10000, Kosovo)

  • Mladen Cubela

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

  • Ljerka Ostojic

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia
    Academy of Medical Sciences, Sarajevo 88000, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

  • Jelena Rodek

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia)

  • Natasa Zenic

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia)

  • Damir Sekulic

    (Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia
    Department of Health Care Studies, University of Split, Split 21000, Croatia)

  • Blaz Lesnik

    (Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia)

Abstract

Adolescence is considered to be the most important period for the prevention of substance use and misuse (SUM). The aim of this study was to investigate the problem of SUM and to establish potentially important factors associated with SUM in Kosovar adolescents. Multi-stage simple random sampling was used to select participants. At the end of their high school education, 980 adolescents (623 females) ages 17 to 19 years old were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption (measured by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test–AUDIT), and illegal drug use (dependent variables), as well as socio-demographic, scholastic, familial, and sports-related factors (independent variables), were assessed. Boys smoke cigarettes more often than girls with daily-smoking prevalence of 16% among boys and 9% among girls (OR = 1.85, 95% = CI 1.25–2.75). The prevalence of harmful drinking ( i.e. , AUDIT scores of >10) is found to be alarming (41% and 37% for boys and girls, respectively; OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.87–1.48), while 17% of boys and 9% of girls used illegal drugs (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.35–2.95). The behavioral grade (observed as: excellent–average-poor) is the factor that was most significantly correlated with SUM both in boys and girls, with lower behavioral grades among those adolescents who consume substances. In girls, lower maternal education levels were associated with a decreased likelihood of SUM, whereas sports achievement was negatively associated with risky drinking. In boys, sports achievement decreased the likelihood of daily smoking. Information on the factors associated with SUM should be disseminated among sports and school authorities.

Suggested Citation

  • Enver Tahiraj & Mladen Cubela & Ljerka Ostojic & Jelena Rodek & Natasa Zenic & Damir Sekulic & Blaz Lesnik, 2016. "Prevalence and Factors Associated with Substance Use and Misuse among Kosovar Adolescents; Cross Sectional Study of Scholastic, Familial-, and Sports-Related Factors of Influence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-13, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:5:p:502-:d:70148
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    Cited by:

    1. Lejla Obradovic Salcin & Vesna Miljanovic Damjanovic & Anamarija Jurcev Savicevic & Divo Ban & Natasa Zenic, 2019. "Prospective Analysis of Prevalence, Trajectories of Change, and Correlates of Cannabis Misuse in Older Adolescents from Coastal Touristic Regions in Croatia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Natasa Zenic & Małgorzata Lipowska & Dora Maric & Sime Versic & Hrvoje Vlahovic & Barbara Gilic, 2021. "Exploring the Association between Alcohol Drinking and Physical Activity in Adolescence; Two-Year Prospective Study in Younger Adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-12, November.
    3. Sime Devcic & Jakob Bednarik & Dora Maric & Sime Versic & Damir Sekulic & Zvonimir Kutlesa & Antonino Bianco & Jelena Rodek & Silvester Liposek, 2018. "Identification of Factors Associated with Potential Doping Behavior in Sports: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in High-Level Competitive Swimmers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Natasa Zenic & Djivo Ban & Sanja Jurisic & Mladen Cubela & Jelena Rodek & Ljerka Ostojic & Mario Jelicic & Antonino Bianco & Damir Sekulic, 2017. "Prospective Analysis of the Influence of Sport and Educational Factors on the Prevalence and Initiation of Smoking in Older Adolescents from Croatia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-12, April.
    5. Sime Devcic & Damir Sekulic & Divo Ban & Zvonimir Kutlesa & Jelena Rodek & Dorica Sajber, 2018. "Evidencing Protective and Risk Factors for Harmful Alcohol Drinking in Adolescence: A Prospective Analysis of Sport-Participation and Scholastic-Achievement in Older Adolescents from Croatia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Bartłomiej Walczak & Anna Walczak & Sandra Tricas-Sauras & Jakub Kołodziejczyk, 2023. "Does Sport Participation Protect Adolescents from Alcohol Consumption? A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-16, April.
    7. Zoran Zubak & Natasa Zenic & Ljerka Ostojic & Ivana Zubak & Haris Pojskic, 2018. "A Prospective Study on the Influence of Scholastic Factors on the Prevalence and Initiation of Illicit Drug Misuse in Adolescence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-12, April.
    8. Joanna Mazur & Izabela Tabak & Anna Dzielska & Krzysztof Wąż & Anna Oblacińska, 2016. "The Relationship between Multiple Substance Use, Perceived Academic Achievements, and Selected Socio-Demographic Factors in a Polish Adolescent Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-13, December.

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