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Child Wasting in Emergency Pockets: A Meta-Analysis of Small-Scale Surveys from Ethiopia

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  • Chiara Altare

    (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.94, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
    Current Affiliation: Research and Analysis Department, Action Contre la Faim, 14/16 Boulevard de Douaumont, 75854 Paris, France)

  • Tefera Darge Delbiso

    (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.94, 1200 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Debarati Guha-Sapir

    (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Institute of Health and Society, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.94, 1200 Brussels, Belgium)

Abstract

Child undernutrition is a major public health concern in Ethiopia (stunting national prevalence: 44%; wasting: 10%), despite the overall improvement in child health status during the last decade. Hundreds of small-scale surveys are conducted in Ethiopia’s emergency pockets under ENCU’s supervision. We reviewed the evidence from small-scale surveys conducted between 2008 and 2013 with two objectives: to provide a summary estimate of wasting prevalence from emergency pockets and to examine reasons for variation in prevalence estimates. We created a dataset by combining data from the Complex Emergency Database, the Famine Early Warning System Network and the Armed Conflict Location Event Data. We conducted a meta-analysis of small-scale surveys using a random effects model with known within-study heterogeneity. The influence of survey covariates on estimated prevalence was investigated with meta-regression techniques. We included 158 surveys in the analysis. A high degree of heterogeneity among surveys was observed. The overall estimate of wasting prevalence was 10.6% (95% CI 9.8–11.4), with differences among regions and between residents and refugees. Meta-regression results showed that vaccination coverage, child mortality, diarrhea prevalence and food insecurity are significantly associated with wasting prevalence. Child care and displacement status were not. Aggregated analysis of small-scale surveys provides insights into the prevalence of wasting and factors explaining its variation. It can also guide survey planning towards areas with limited data availability.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiara Altare & Tefera Darge Delbiso & Debarati Guha-Sapir, 2016. "Child Wasting in Emergency Pockets: A Meta-Analysis of Small-Scale Surveys from Ethiopia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:2:p:178-:d:63101
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pelletier, D.L. & Frongillo Jr., E.A. & Habicht, J.-P., 1993. "Epidemiologic evidence for a potentiating effect of malnutrition on child mortality," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 83(8), pages 1130-1133.
    2. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, 2010. "Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 36(i03).
    3. Berhane, Guush & Paulos, Zelekawork & Tafere, Kibrom & Tamru, Seneshaw, 2011. "Foodgrain consumption and calorie intake patterns in Ethiopia:," ESSP working papers 23, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
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