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Non-Invasive Monitoring of Vital Signs for the Elderly Using Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Networks: Exploring the Impact on Sleep and Home Security

Author

Listed:
  • Carolina Del-Valle-Soto

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Álvaro del Portillo 49, Zapopan 45010, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ramon A. Briseño

    (Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico Administrativas, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45180, Mexico
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Leonardo J. Valdivia

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Álvaro del Portillo 49, Zapopan 45010, Mexico)

  • Ramiro Velázquez

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Aguascalientes 20296, Mexico)

  • Juan Arturo Nolazco-Flores

    (School of Engineering and Science, Tecnólogico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico)

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are useful in medicine for monitoring the vital signs of elderly patients. These sensors allow for remote monitoring of a patient’s state of health, making it easier for elderly patients, and allowing to avoid or at least to extend the interval between visits to specialized health centers. The proposed system is a low-cost WSN deployed at the elderly patient’s home, monitoring the main areas of the house and sending daily recommendations to the patient. This study measures the impact of the proposed sensor network on nine vital sign metrics based on a person’s sleep patterns. These metrics were taken from 30 adults over a period of four weeks, the first two weeks without the sensor system while the remaining two weeks with continuous monitoring of the patients, providing security for their homes and a perception of well-being. This work aims to identify relationships between parameters impacted by the sensor system and predictive trends about the level of improvement in vital sign metrics. Moreover, this work focuses on adapting a reactive algorithm for energy and performance optimization for the sensor monitoring system. Results show that sleep metrics improved statistically based on the recommendations for use of the sensor network; the elderly adults slept more and more continuously, and the higher their heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, the greater the likelihood of the impact of the network on the sleep metrics. The proposed energy-saving algorithm for the WSN succeeded in reducing energy consumption and improving resilience of the network.

Suggested Citation

  • Carolina Del-Valle-Soto & Ramon A. Briseño & Leonardo J. Valdivia & Ramiro Velázquez & Juan Arturo Nolazco-Flores, 2023. "Non-Invasive Monitoring of Vital Signs for the Elderly Using Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Networks: Exploring the Impact on Sleep and Home Security," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jftint:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:287-:d:1224285
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Heesook Son & Hyerang Kim, 2019. "A Pilot Study to Test the Feasibility of a Home Mobility Monitoring System in Community-Dwelling Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-16, April.
    2. Carolina Del-Valle-Soto & Leonardo J. Valdivia & Juan Carlos López-Pimentel & Paolo Visconti, 2023. "Comparison of Collaborative and Cooperative Schemes in Sensor Networks for Non-Invasive Monitoring of People at Home," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(7), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Nicola Magnavita & Sergio Garbarino, 2017. "Sleep, Health and Wellness at Work: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carolina Del-Valle-Soto & Ramon A. Briseño & Ramiro Velázquez & Gabriel Guerra-Rosales & Santiago Perez-Ochoa & Isaac H. Preciado-Bazavilvazo & Paolo Visconti & José Varela-Aldás, 2024. "Enhancing Elderly Care through Low-Cost Wireless Sensor Networks and Artificial Intelligence: A Study on Vital Sign Monitoring and Sleep Improvement," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, September.

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