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Cavitation Inception in Crossflow Hydro Turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Ram Chandra Adhikari

    (Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada)

  • Jerson Vaz

    (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Pará –Av. Augusto Correa, N 1–Belém, PA 66075-900, Brazil
    Current Address: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada)

  • David Wood

    (Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada)

Abstract

Cavitation is a common flow phenomena in most hydraulic turbines and has the potential to cause vibration, blade surface damage and performance loss. Despite the fact that crossflow turbines have been used in small-scale hydropower systems for a long time, cavitation has not been studied in these turbines. In this paper, we present the findings of a computational study on cavitation inception in crossflow turbines. Cavitation inception was assessed using three-dimensional (3D) Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) computations. A homogeneous, free-surface two-phase flow model was used. Pressure distributions on the blades were examined for different flow rates, heads and impeller speeds to assess cavitation inception. The results showed that cavitation occurs in the second stage of the turbine and was observed on the suction side near the inner edge of the blades. For the particular turbine studied, cavitation always occurred at shaft speeds greater than that, giving the maximum efficiency for each combination of flow rate and head. The implication is that the useful operating range of crossflow turbines is up to and including the maximum efficiency point.

Suggested Citation

  • Ram Chandra Adhikari & Jerson Vaz & David Wood, 2016. "Cavitation Inception in Crossflow Hydro Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:9:y:2016:i:4:p:237-:d:66386
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vincenzo Sammartano & Costanza Aricò & Armando Carravetta & Oreste Fecarotta & Tullio Tucciarelli, 2013. "Banki-Michell Optimal Design by Computational Fluid Dynamics Testing and Hydrodynamic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-24, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chongfei Sun & Zirong Luo & Jianzhong Shang & Zhongyue Lu & Yiming Zhu & Guoheng Wu, 2018. "Design and Numerical Analysis of a Novel Counter-Rotating Self-Adaptable Wave Energy Converter Based on CFD Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-21, March.
    2. Ram Adhikari & David Wood, 2018. "The Design of High Efficiency Crossflow Hydro Turbines: A Review and Extension," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-18, January.
    3. Anatoliy M. Pavlenko & Hanna Koshlak, 2021. "Application of Thermal and Cavitation Effects for Heat and Mass Transfer Process Intensification in Multicomponent Liquid Media," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-19, November.
    4. Di Zhu & Ruofu Xiao & Ran Tao & Fujun Wang, 2018. "Designing Incidence-Angle-Targeted Anti-Cavitation Foil Profiles Using a Combination Optimization Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.
    5. Mehr, Goodarz & Durali, Mohammad & Khakrand, Mohammad Hadi & Hoghooghi, Hadi, 2021. "A novel design and performance optimization methodology for hydraulic Cross-Flow turbines using successive numerical simulations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1402-1421.
    6. Xuanlin Peng & Jianzhong Zhou & Chu Zhang & Ruhai Li & Yanhe Xu & Diyi Chen, 2017. "An Intelligent Optimization Method for Vortex-Induced Vibration Reducing and Performance Improving in a Large Francis Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-17, November.

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