IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i9p2249-d1644740.html

Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of an Integrated Electricity-Heat-Gas-Cooling-Hydrogen Energy System Considering Stepped Carbon Trading

Author

Listed:
  • Zhuan Zhou

    (State Grid Xinjiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830018, China)

  • Weifang Lin

    (China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China)

  • Jiayu Bian

    (State Grid Xinjiang Economic Research Institute, Urumqi 830063, China)

  • Xuan Ren

    (China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China)

Abstract

Within the framework of “dual carbon”, intending to enhance the use of green energies and minimize the emissions of carbon from energy systems, this study suggests a cost-effective low-carbon scheduling model that accounts for stepwise carbon trading for an integrated electricity, heat, gas, cooling, and hydrogen energy system. Firstly, given the clean and low-carbon attributes of hydrogen energy, a refined two-step operational framework for electricity-to-gas conversion is proposed. Building upon this foundation, a hydrogen fuel cell is integrated to formulate a multi-energy complementary coupling network. Second, a phased carbon trading approach is established to further explore the mechanism’s carbon footprint potential. And then, an environmentally conscious and economically viable power dispatch model is developed to minimize total operating costs while maintaining ecological sustainability. This objective optimization framework is effectively implemented and solved using the CPLEX solver. Through a comparative analysis involving multiple case studies, the findings demonstrate that integrating electric-hydrogen coupling with phased carbon trading effectively enhances wind and solar energy utilization rates. This approach concurrently reduces the system’s carbon emissions by 34.4% and lowers operating costs by 58.6%.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhuan Zhou & Weifang Lin & Jiayu Bian & Xuan Ren, 2025. "Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of an Integrated Electricity-Heat-Gas-Cooling-Hydrogen Energy System Considering Stepped Carbon Trading," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:9:p:2249-:d:1644740
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2249/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2249/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Guandalini, Giulio & Campanari, Stefano & Romano, Matteo C., 2015. "Power-to-gas plants and gas turbines for improved wind energy dispatchability: Energy and economic assessment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 117-130.
    2. Wang, Yongli & Wang, Yudong & Huang, Yujing & Yang, Jiale & Ma, Yuze & Yu, Haiyang & Zeng, Ming & Zhang, Fuwei & Zhang, Yanfu, 2019. "Operation optimization of regional integrated energy system based on the modeling of electricity-thermal-natural gas network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    3. Zhang, Jinliang & Liu, Ziyi, 2024. "Low carbon economic scheduling model for a park integrated energy system considering integrated demand response, ladder-type carbon trading and fine utilization of hydrogen," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    4. Abdul Ghani Olabi & Enas Taha Sayed, 2023. "Developments in Hydrogen Fuel Cells," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-5, March.
    5. Chen, Xing & Lin, Boqiang, 2021. "Towards carbon neutrality by implementing carbon emissions trading scheme: Policy evaluation in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    6. Chen, Maozhi & Lu, Hao & Chang, Xiqiang & Liao, Haiyan, 2023. "An optimization on an integrated energy system of combined heat and power, carbon capture system and power to gas by considering flexible load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    7. Wang, Shouxiang & Wang, Shaomin & Zhao, Qianyu & Dong, Shuai & Li, Hao, 2023. "Optimal dispatch of integrated energy station considering carbon capture and hydrogen demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    8. Ma, Yiming & Wang, Haixin & Hong, Feng & Yang, Junyou & Chen, Zhe & Cui, Haoqian & Feng, Jiawei, 2021. "Modeling and optimization of combined heat and power with power-to-gas and carbon capture system in integrated energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    9. Song, Malin & Zheng, Huanyu & Shen, Zhiyang, 2023. "Whether the carbon emissions trading system improves energy efficiency – Empirical testing based on China's provincial panel data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    10. Qin, Chun & Zhao, Jun & Chen, Long & Liu, Ying & Wang, Wei, 2022. "An adaptive piecewise linearized weighted directed graph for the modeling and operational optimization of integrated energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    11. Laimon, M. & Yusaf, T., 2024. "Towards energy freedom: Exploring sustainable solutions for energy independence and self-sufficiency using integrated renewable energy-driven hydrogen system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    12. Mohammad Fazle Rabbi & József Popp & Domicián Máté & Sándor Kovács, 2022. "Energy Security and Energy Transition to Achieve Carbon Neutrality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-18, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Zhi-Feng & Luo, Xing-Fu & Hou, Xiao-Xin & Yu, Jia-Li & Li, Ji-Xiang, 2025. "Generalized energy pool-driven regional integrated energy system dispatch considering multi-time scale synergy carbon-storage game," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    2. Wang, Ziren & Zhang, Yuyuan & Li, Wei, 2026. "A bi-level optimization operation method for hydrogen-enriched integrated energy systems incorporating dynamic carbon emission factors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PD).
    3. Wu, Yanjuan & Wang, Caiwei & Wang, Yunliang, 2024. "Cooperative game optimization scheduling of multi-region integrated energy system based on ADMM algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    4. Cui, Mingyong & Ji, Xinpeng & Xu, Chenhao, 2025. "Low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated energy system based on oxygen-driven synergistic hydrogen production utilizing coal and electricity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    5. Elsir, Mohamed & Al-Sumaiti, Ameena Saad & El Moursi, Mohamed Shawky, 2024. "Towards energy transition: A novel day-ahead operation scheduling strategy for demand response and hybrid energy storage systems in smart grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    6. Ni, Qiang & Xu, Cancheng & Cai, Zhengtong & Zhou, Yongwang & Lai, Loi Lei, 2025. "Optimal dispatch of integrated energy system with CCUS-P2G coupling and hydrogen-doped gas equipment based on ladder-type carbon trading mechanism," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 336(C).
    7. Baihao Qiao & Hui Xu & Yitong Liu & Jinglong Ye & Hejuan Hu & Li Yan & Tao Wei, 2025. "Economic, Low-Carbon Dispatch of Seasonal Park Integrated Energy System Based on Adjustable Cooling–Heating–Power Ratio," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-25, September.
    8. Anjie Lu & Jianguo Zhou & Minglei Qin & Danchen Liu, 2024. "Considering Carbon–Hydrogen Coupled Integrated Energy Systems: A Pathway to Sustainable Energy Transition in China Under Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-32, October.
    9. Ilea, Flavia-Maria & Cormos, Ana-Maria & Cristea, Vasile-Mircea & Cormos, Calin-Cristian, 2023. "Enhancing the post-combustion carbon dioxide carbon capture plant performance by setpoints optimization of the decentralized multi-loop and cascade control system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    10. Wang, Shouxiang & Wang, Shaomin & Zhao, Qianyu & Dong, Shuai & Li, Hao, 2023. "Optimal dispatch of integrated energy station considering carbon capture and hydrogen demand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    11. Ren, Lina & Zhang, Kunpeng & Mehran, Kamyar & Ma, Kai, 2025. "Low-carbon economic dispatch of a hydrogen-based integrated energy system considering the coordinated operation of CHP-ORC-CSP and P2G-CCS," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    12. Chen, Haipeng & Song, Jianzhao & Li, Zhiwei & Shui, Siyuan, 2025. "Distributionally robust electricity-carbon collaborative scheduling of integrated energy systems based on refined joint model of heating networks and buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    13. Chen, Maozhi & Lu, Hao & Chang, Xiqiang & Liao, Haiyan, 2023. "An optimization on an integrated energy system of combined heat and power, carbon capture system and power to gas by considering flexible load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    14. Zhu, Zhenle & Qu, Zhiguo & Gong, Jianqiang & Li, Jianjun & Xu, Hongtao, 2025. "Robust optimal model for rural integrated energy system incorporating biomass waste utilization and power-to-gas coupling unit considering deep learning-based air conditioning load personalized demand response," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    15. Zhang, Xiaofeng & Liu, Yuting & Zhan, Yu & Yan, Renshi & Mei, Jin & Fu, Ang & Jiao, Fan & Zeng, Rong, 2024. "Multi-scenario optimization and performance evaluation of integrated energy system considering co-scheduling of EVs and stationary energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PD).
    16. Wen, Jiaxing & Jia, Rong & Cao, Ge & Guo, Yi & Jiao, Yang & Li, Wei & Li, Peihang, 2025. "Robust economic scheduling model for virtual power plant considering electrolysis of molten carbonate and dynamic compensation mechanism," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    17. Liu, Xingnan & Lu, Hao & Zhao, Wenjun & Chen, Yuhang & Shao, Shiru, 2025. "Research on optimal scheduling and source-network-load correlation matching of integrated energy system considering uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    18. Fu, Yue & Huang, Yan & Xin, Haozhe & Liu, Ming & Wang, Liyuan & Yan, Junjie, 2024. "The pressure sliding operation strategy of the carbon capture system integrated within a coal-fired power plant: Influence factors and energy saving potentials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    19. Calise, Francesco & Cappiello, Francesco Liberato & Cimmino, Luca & Cutolo, Laura & Vicidomini, Maria, 2025. "Thermoeconomic Comparison of Alkaline, Solid Oxide and Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers for Power-to-Gas Applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    20. Li, Xu & Deng, Jianhua & Liu, Jichun, 2024. "A two-layer and three-stage dynamic demand response game model considering the out of sync response for gases generators," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:9:p:2249-:d:1644740. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.