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Energy Consumption Analysis and Optimization of Substation Building in Cold Regions Considering Various Influence Factors

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Listed:
  • Wen Sun

    (School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Qi Zhang

    (Economic and Technical Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Shenyang 110015, China)

  • Ou Zhang

    (Economic and Technical Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Shenyang 110015, China)

  • Ruyu Zhang

    (Economic and Technical Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Shenyang 110015, China)

  • Junru Lin

    (Economic and Technical Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Shenyang 110015, China)

  • Heng Chen

    (School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

Abstract

Building-energy consumption constitutes a pivotal component of global energy systems, with the heating and cooling loads during the operational phase being particularly significant. Substation building, as nodes in the transmission and transformation network, deserve attention for their building-operating loads. This study investigates heating and cooling loads during substation operation in severe cold climates. By integrating energy consumption simulations with one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal multivariate analyses, optimization strategies under key influencing factors are systematically explored. The impact analysis identifies the following order of influence magnitude on substation total loads: indoor equipment heat generation, ventilation rate, roof U-value, exterior wall U-value, and window U-value. The heating- and cooling-load characteristics exhibit distinct patterns depending on indoor equipment heat generation. The total building load can be reduced by 61.23 per cent under multifactor optimal de-sign conditions, highlighting the critical role of systemic design coordination. This study provides a case study reference for energy efficient design of heating and cooling loads in substations, especially where significant changes in equipment heat occur, and highlights the importance of controlling indoor heat sources to achieve optimal energy efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Wen Sun & Qi Zhang & Ou Zhang & Ruyu Zhang & Junru Lin & Heng Chen, 2025. "Energy Consumption Analysis and Optimization of Substation Building in Cold Regions Considering Various Influence Factors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:8:p:1948-:d:1632321
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xie, Xing & Xu, Bin & Fei, Yue & Chen, Xing-ni & Pei, Gang & Ji, Jie, 2024. "Passive energy-saving design strategy and realization on high window-wall ratio buildings in subtropical regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    2. Barone, Giovanni & Buonomano, Annamaria & Giuzio, Giovanni Francesco & Palombo, Adolfo, 2023. "Towards zero energy infrastructure buildings: optimal design of envelope and cooling system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    3. Zhang, Guangpeng & Wu, Huijun & Liu, Jia & Liu, Yanchen & Ding, Yujie & Huang, Huakun, 2024. "A review on switchable building envelopes for low-energy buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
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