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Development and Design of an Optimal Fuzzy Logic Two Degrees of Freedom-Proportional Integral Derivative Controller for a Two-Area Power System Using the Bee Algorithm

Author

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  • Sitthisak Audomsi

    (Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand)

  • Supannika Wattana

    (Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
    Electrical and Computer Engineering Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand)

  • Narongkorn Uthathip

    (Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
    Electrical and Computer Engineering Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand)

  • Worawat Sa-ngiamvibool

    (Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
    Electrical and Computer Engineering Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand)

Abstract

This study introduces a fuzzy logic-based two-degree-of-freedom PID (FL2DOF-PID) controller that is optimized using the Bee Algorithm (BA) to control the load frequency in a two-area linked power system that has both reheat thermal power plants and hydro power plants. To test how well it works, MATLAB/Simulink simulations compared it with PID, 2DOF-PID and fuzzy PID controllers, looking at overshoot, undershoot, settling time, steady-state error and the integral of absolute error (IAE). The results showed that FL2DOF-PID had the lowest RMSE (0.0054, 0.0089) and MAE (0.0041, 0.0065), as well as the smallest IAE (0.1308) and the smallest overshoot (69.3% less). It also had the fastest settling time (5.1528 s) and the smallest IAE (0.1338 less). These results showed that it works to reduce frequency changes, improve power flow stability and make the whole system more reliable under changing conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Sitthisak Audomsi & Supannika Wattana & Narongkorn Uthathip & Worawat Sa-ngiamvibool, 2025. "Development and Design of an Optimal Fuzzy Logic Two Degrees of Freedom-Proportional Integral Derivative Controller for a Two-Area Power System Using the Bee Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-14, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:4:p:915-:d:1591051
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Meena, V.P. & Singh, V.P. & Guerrero, Josep M., 2024. "Investigation of reciprocal rank method for automatic generation control in two-area interconnected power system," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 760-778.
    2. Ji, Weiming & Hong, Feng & Zhao, Yuzheng & Liang, Lu & Du, Hao & Hao, Junhong & Fang, Fang & Liu, Jizhen, 2024. "Applications of flywheel energy storage system on load frequency regulation combined with various power generations: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    3. Zhang, Juntao & Cheng, Chuntian & Yu, Shen & Wu, Huijun & Gao, Mengping, 2021. "Sharing hydropower flexibility in interconnected power systems: A case study for the China Southern power grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
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