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Analysis of Sediment Erosion in Pelton Nozzles and Needles Affected by Particle Size

Author

Listed:
  • Jie Liu

    (China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Yilin Zhu

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering & Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Quanwei Liang

    (Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd., Deyang 618000, China)

  • Yexiang Xiao

    (State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering & Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

  • Zhengshu Liu

    (China Three Gorges Tibet Energy Investment Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Haijun Li

    (China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Jian Ye

    (China Three Gorges Tibet Energy Investment Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Nianhao Yang

    (China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Haifeng Deng

    (China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

  • Qingpin Du

    (China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation, Chengdu 610095, China)

Abstract

The sediment erosion of Pelton turbine components is a major challenge in the operation and development of high-head water resources, especially in mountainous areas with high sediment yield. In this paper, a study using numerical simulation was conducted with different sediment particle sizes in the fine sand range. And the erosion mechanism of the Pelton turbine injector was analyzed. The Eulerian Lagrange method was adopted to simulate the gas–liquid–solid flow. The Mansouri’s model was applied to estimate the injector erosion. The predicted erosion results were in accord with field erosion photographs. In particular, the asymmetrical erosion distribution on the needle surface was physically reproduced. With the sediment particle size increasing from 0.05 mm, the needle erosion rate decreased, while the nozzle casing erosion rate increased dramatically. In order to clarify this tendency, the characteristics of the three-phase flow were analyzed. Interestingly, the results show that with the rise in particle size, the separation of particles and water streamlines became more serious in the contraction section of the nozzle mouth. Consequently, it caused the enhancement of erosion of the nozzle surfaces and weakened the erosion of the needle surfaces. Significant engineering insights may be provided for weakening Pelton injector erosion with needle guides in the current study.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Liu & Yilin Zhu & Quanwei Liang & Yexiang Xiao & Zhengshu Liu & Haijun Li & Jian Ye & Nianhao Yang & Haifeng Deng & Qingpin Du, 2024. "Analysis of Sediment Erosion in Pelton Nozzles and Needles Affected by Particle Size," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-16, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:1635-:d:1366151
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Padhy, M.K. & Saini, R.P., 2012. "Study of silt erosion mechanism in Pelton turbine buckets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 286-293.
    2. Messa, Gianandrea Vittorio & Mandelli, Simone & Malavasi, Stefano, 2019. "Hydro-abrasive erosion in Pelton turbine injectors: A numerical study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 474-488.
    3. Padhy, M.K. & Saini, R.P., 2011. "Study of silt erosion on performance of a Pelton turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 141-147.
    4. Padhy, M.K. & Saini, R.P., 2009. "Effect of size and concentration of silt particles on erosion of Pelton turbine buckets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 1477-1483.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chun Zhang & Chao Wang & Qianhe Tian & Quanwei Liang & Yilin Zhu & Yexiang Xiao & Yong Bai & Zhaoning Wang & Hengte Zhou & Xianwu Luo, 2024. "Effect of Injector Needle Tip Shape on Jet Flow for Pelton Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, December.

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