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Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Binary CO 2 -Organic Rankine Power Cycles for Small Modular Reactors

Author

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  • Vladimir Kindra

    (Department of Innovative Technologies for High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia)

  • Igor Maksimov

    (Department of Innovative Technologies for High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia)

  • Daniil Patorkin

    (Department of Innovative Technologies for High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia)

  • Andrey Rogalev

    (Department of Innovative Technologies for High-Tech Industries, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia)

  • Nikolay Rogalev

    (Department of Thermal Power Plants, National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, 111250 Moscow, Russia)

Abstract

Small nuclear power plants are a promising direction of research for the development of carbon-free energy in isolated power systems and in remote regions with undeveloped infrastructure. Improving the efficiency of power units integrated with small modular reactors will improve the prospects for the commercialization of such projects. Power cycles based on supercritical carbon dioxide are an effective solution for nuclear power plants that use reactor facilities with an initial coolant temperature above 550 °C. However, the presence of low temperature rejected heat sources in closed Bryton cycles indicates a potential for energy saving. This paper presents a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of the integration of an additional low-temperature organic Rankine cycle for heat recovery to supercritical carbon dioxide cycles. A scheme for sequential heat recovery from several sources in S-CO 2 cycles is proposed. It was found that the use of R134a improved the power of the low-temperature circuit. It was revealed that in the S-CO 2 Brayton cycle with a recuperator, the ORC add-on increased the net efficiency by an average of 2.98%, and in the recompression cycle by 1.7–2.2%. With sequential heat recovery in the recuperative cycle from the intercooling of the compressor and the main cooler, the increase in efficiency from the ORC superstructure will be 1.8%.

Suggested Citation

  • Vladimir Kindra & Igor Maksimov & Daniil Patorkin & Andrey Rogalev & Nikolay Rogalev, 2024. "Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Binary CO 2 -Organic Rankine Power Cycles for Small Modular Reactors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-18, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:10:p:2377-:d:1394922
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pham, H.S. & Alpy, N. & Ferrasse, J.H. & Boutin, O. & Quenaut, J. & Tothill, M. & Haubensack, D. & Saez, M., 2015. "Mapping of the thermodynamic performance of the supercritical CO2 cycle and optimisation for a small modular reactor and a sodium-cooled fast reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 412-424.
    2. Song, Jian & Li, Xue-song & Ren, Xiao-dong & Gu, Chun-wei, 2018. "Performance analysis and parametric optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) cycle with bottoming Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 406-416.
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    4. Akbari, Ata D. & Mahmoudi, Seyed M.S., 2014. "Thermoeconomic analysis & optimization of the combined supercritical CO2 (carbon dioxide) recompression Brayton/organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 501-512.
    5. Fan, Gang & Du, Yang & Li, Hang & Dai, Yiping, 2021. "Off-design behavior investigation of the combined supercritical CO2 and organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    6. Tang, Junrong & Li, Qibin & Wang, Shukun & Yu, Haoshui, 2023. "Thermo-economic optimization and comparative analysis of different organic flash cycles for the supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton cycle waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
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    Cited by:

    1. Vladimir Kindra & Mikhail Ostrovsky & Igor Maksimov & Roman Zuikin & Nikolay Rogalev, 2025. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Nuclear Power Plants with External Steam Superheating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-22, April.

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