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A Case Study of the Use of Smart EV Charging for Peak Shaving in Local Area Grids

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Listed:
  • Josef Meiers

    (Automation and Energy Systems, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany)

  • Georg Frey

    (Automation and Energy Systems, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany)

Abstract

Electricity storage systems, whether electric vehicles or stationary battery storage systems, stabilize the electricity supply grid with their flexibility and thus drive the energy transition forward. Grid peak power demand has a high impact on the energy bill for commercial electricity consumers. Using battery storage capacities (EVs or stationary battery systems) can help to reduce these peaks, applying peak shaving. This study aims to address the potential of peak shaving using a PV plant and smart unidirectional and bidirectional charging technology for two fleets of electric vehicles and two comparable configurations of stationary battery storage systems on the university campus of Saarland University in Saarbrücken as a case study. Based on an annual measurement of the grid demand power of all consumers on the campus, a simulation study was carried out to compare the peak shaving potential of seven scenarios. For the sake of simplicity, it was assumed that the vehicles are connected to the charging station during working hours and can be charged and discharged within a user-defined range of state of charge. Furthermore, only the electricity costs were included in the profitability analysis; investment and operating costs were not taken into account. Compared to a reference system without battery storage capacities and a PV plant, the overall result is that the peak-shaving potential and the associated reduction in total electricity costs increases with the exclusive use of a PV system (3.2%) via the inclusion of the EV fleet (up to 3.0% for unidirectional smart charging and 8.1% for bidirectional charging) up to a stationary battery storage system (13.3%).

Suggested Citation

  • Josef Meiers & Georg Frey, 2023. "A Case Study of the Use of Smart EV Charging for Peak Shaving in Local Area Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2023:i:1:p:47-:d:1304750
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daud Mustafa Minhas & Josef Meiers & Georg Frey, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Battery Storage Concentric Intelligent Home Energy Management System Using Real Life Data Sets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-29, February.
    2. Ioakimidis, Christos S. & Thomas, Dimitrios & Rycerski, Pawel & Genikomsakis, Konstantinos N., 2018. "Peak shaving and valley filling of power consumption profile in non-residential buildings using an electric vehicle parking lot," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 148-158.
    3. Germana Trentadue & Alexandre Lucas & Marcos Otura & Konstantinos Pliakostathis & Marco Zanni & Harald Scholz, 2018. "Evaluation of Fast Charging Efficiency under Extreme Temperatures," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-13, July.
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