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A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future

Author

Listed:
  • Ivan Arsie

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy)

  • Michele Battistoni

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

  • Pier Paolo Brancaleoni

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Roberto Cipollone

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, Università dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Enrico Corti

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy)

  • Davide Di Battista

    (Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, Università dell’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Federico Millo

    (Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy)

  • Alessio Occhicone

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy)

  • Benedetta Peiretti Paradisi

    (Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy)

  • Luciano Rolando

    (Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy)

  • Jacopo Zembi

    (Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06125 Perugia, Italy)

Abstract

The H2-ICE project aims at developing, through numerical simulation, a new generation of hybrid powertrains featuring a hydrogen-fueled Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) suitable for 12 m urban buses in order to provide a reliable and cost-effective solution for the abatement of both CO 2 and criteria pollutant emissions. The full exploitation of the potential of such a traction system requires a substantial enhancement of the state of the art since several issues have to be addressed. In particular, the choice of a more suitable fuel injection system and the control of the combustion process are extremely challenging. Firstly, a high-fidelity 3D-CFD model will be exploited to analyze the in-cylinder H2 fuel injection through supersonic flows. Then, after the optimization of the injection and combustion process, a 1D model of the whole engine system will be built and calibrated, allowing the identification of a “sweet spot” in the ultra-lean combustion region, characterized by extremely low NOx emissions and, at the same time, high combustion efficiencies. Moreover, to further enhance the engine efficiency well above 40%, different Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) systems will be carefully scrutinized, including both Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)-based recovery units as well as electric turbo-compounding. A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system will be developed to further reduce NOx emissions to near-zero levels. Finally, a dedicated torque-based control strategy for the ICE coupled with the Energy Management Systems (EMSs) of the hybrid powertrain, both optimized by exploiting Vehicle-To-Everything (V2X) connection, allows targeting H2 consumption of 0.1 kg/km. Technologies developed in the H2-ICE project will enhance the know-how necessary to design and build engines and aftertreatment systems for the efficient exploitation of H2 as a fuel, as well as for their integration into hybrid powertrains.

Suggested Citation

  • Ivan Arsie & Michele Battistoni & Pier Paolo Brancaleoni & Roberto Cipollone & Enrico Corti & Davide Di Battista & Federico Millo & Alessio Occhicone & Benedetta Peiretti Paradisi & Luciano Rolando & , 2023. "A New Generation of Hydrogen-Fueled Hybrid Propulsion Systems for the Urban Mobility of the Future," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-31, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2023:i:1:p:34-:d:1304233
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hegde, Bharatkumar & Ahmed, Qadeer & Rizzoni, Giorgio, 2020. "Velocity and energy trajectory prediction of electrified powertrain for look ahead control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    2. Millo, Federico & Rolando, Luciano & Fuso, Rocco & Zhao, Jianning, 2015. "Development of a new hybrid bus for urban public transportation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 583-594.
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    Keywords

    hydrogen; H2-ICE; decarbonization; public transport;
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