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A Critical Review of Current and Future Options for Wind Farm Participation in Ancillary Service Provision

Author

Listed:
  • Matthew Cole

    (Wind Energy and Control Centre, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK)

  • David Campos-Gaona

    (Wind Energy and Control Centre, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK)

  • Adam Stock

    (Wind Energy and Control Centre, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK)

  • Marcel Nedd

    (Wind Energy and Control Centre, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, UK)

Abstract

This paper presents a critical review, from a wind farm control perspective, of different methodologies in the open literature that enable wind farms to participate in ancillary service provision. Firstly, it considers the services currently provided in power systems with high levels of wind generation (specifically, Denmark, Ireland, and Great Britain), reviewing current regulatory frameworks and recommendations. Secondly, it reviews the ancillary service markets that wind farms do not currently participate in, considering the barriers to entry and discussing potential solutions using a proper control-enabled framework. Thirdly, it also considers the future perspective for wind farm participation in ancillary service provision, including a review of the body of published academic research on wind farm participation in ancillary service provision. Finally, this review concludes by suggesting where the gaps are in the academic literature, and subsequently suggests future work. Two examples are the disconnect between the mechanical and farm side approaches with power-system-based modelling, and how much wind farm modelling is very-low-fidelity-omittedkey aspects such as wake effects and component fatigue analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthew Cole & David Campos-Gaona & Adam Stock & Marcel Nedd, 2023. "A Critical Review of Current and Future Options for Wind Farm Participation in Ancillary Service Provision," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:3:p:1324-:d:1047842
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Attya, A.B. & Dominguez-Garcia, J.L. & Anaya-Lara, O., 2018. "A review on frequency support provision by wind power plants: Current and future challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2071-2087.
    2. David Campos-Gaona & Adam Stock & Olimpo Anaya-Lara & William Leithead, 2020. "Dynamic Wind Power Plant Control for System Integration Using the Generator Response Following Concept," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Attya, A.B. & Anaya-Lara, O. & Leithead, W.E., 2018. "Novel concept of renewables association with synchronous generation for enhancing the provision of ancillary services," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 1035-1047.
    4. Yingming Liu & Yingwei Wang & Xiaodong Wang & Jiangsheng Zhu & Wai Hou Lio, 2019. "Active Power Dispatch for Supporting Grid Frequency Regulation in Wind Farms Considering Fatigue Load," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-23, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Davide Astolfi & Fabrizio De Caro & Alfredo Vaccaro, 2023. "Characterizing the Wake Effects on Wind Power Generator Operation by Data-Driven Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, August.

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